Collaborative Research: Implications of Automotive Greenhouse Gas Policies on Material Flows - A Life Cycle Approach Integrating Engineering, Public Policy, and Market Behavior

合作研究：汽车温室气体政策对物质流的影响——整合工程、公共政策和市场行为的生命周期方法

• 批准号: 0628157
• 负责人: James Winebrake
• 金额: $ 71.54万
• 依托单位: Rochester Institute of Tech
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0628157&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Implications; Automotive; Greenhouse

The overarching goal of this Materials Use: Science, Engineering and Society, MUSES project is to produce modeling tools and methods that can be used to analyze changes in materials flows that would result from policy instruments aimed at reducing GHG emissions from passenger cars and light trucks. This goal will be achieved by building and validating a set of linked models that account for producer and consumer behavioral responses to GHG reduction policies, and integrating these forecasted market responses into a novel framework for predictive life cycle and material flow analyses (LCA/MFA). Our major tasks will be: 1) to model vehicle design options and materials use for their costs and performance; 2) to evaluate the market penetration of these options by modeling their performance in the context of market-based and regulatory policy instruments, producer objectives, and consumer preferences; and, 3) to evaluate the consequences of market responses on global materials flows and life cycle emissions. The proposed research exists at the interface between engineering design, applied economics, social research, public policy, and sustainable development. The scientific impact will derive from the formulation of techniques, methods, and models in each of these disciplines that will help us understand the relationships between technology policy, technology adoption, and unintended environmental and materials flows consequences. Scientific impact will also arise from how these tasks are holistically integrated into an interdisciplinary meta-system. The broader impact of this proposal will be derived in part from the construction of a computational environment that will allow analysts to optimize technology and policy decisions with respect to costs, market acceptance, materials flows, and environmental impacts. The educational impact of this proposal will be significant through the integration of this project with undergraduate and graduate courses and curricula at the University of Michigan and at the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT). We also include an educational component aimed at deaf and hard-of-hearing students through collaboration with the National Technical Institute for the Deaf located at RIT. The award is co-managed by the Division of Manufacturing Innovation (DMI) and the Division of Electrical and Communications Systems (ECS).

“材料使用：科学、工程和社会”muse项目的总体目标是开发建模工具和方法，用于分析旨在减少乘用车和轻型卡车温室气体排放的政策工具所导致的材料流动变化。这一目标将通过建立和验证一套相互关联的模型来实现，这些模型考虑了生产者和消费者对温室气体减排政策的行为反应，并将这些预测的市场反应整合到预测生命周期和物质流分析（LCA/MFA）的新框架中。我们的主要任务将是：1)模拟车辆设计方案和材料使用的成本和性能；2)通过在市场和监管政策工具、生产者目标和消费者偏好的背景下对这些选择的表现进行建模，评估这些选择的市场渗透率；3)评估市场反应对全球物料流动和生命周期排放的影响。建议的研究存在于工程设计，应用经济学，社会研究，公共政策和可持续发展之间的接口。科学影响将来自这些学科的技术、方法和模型的形成，这些将帮助我们理解技术政策、技术采用和意外的环境和材料流动后果之间的关系。如何将这些任务整体地整合到一个跨学科的元系统中，也将产生科学影响。该提案的广泛影响将部分来自于计算环境的构建，该环境将允许分析人员根据成本、市场接受度、材料流和环境影响来优化技术和政策决策。通过将该项目与密歇根大学和罗切斯特理工学院（RIT）的本科和研究生课程以及课程相结合，该提案的教育影响将是显著的。我们还通过与位于RIT的国家聋人技术研究所合作，为聋人和听障学生提供教育内容。该奖项由制造创新部（DMI）和电气与通信系统部（ECS）共同管理。