NNA Research: Collaborative Research: Rapid Arctic change and its implications for fisheries and fishing communities of the western North Atlantic

NNA 研究：合作研究：北极的快速变化及其对北大西洋西部渔业和渔业社区的影响

• 批准号: 2220567
• 负责人: Eric Chassignet
• 金额: $ 29.4万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2220567&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NNA; Research; Collaborative; Rapid; Arctic

Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) is one of NSF's 10 Big Ideas. NNA projects address convergence scientific challenges in the rapidly changing Arctic. This Arctic research is needed to inform the economy, security and resilience of the Nation, the larger region and the globe. NNA empowers new research partnerships from local to international scales, diversifies the next generation of Arctic researchers, enhances efforts in formal and informal education, and integrates the co-production of knowledge where appropriate. This award fulfills part of that aim by addressing interactions among social systems and the natural environment in the following NNA focus areas: Data and Observation, Education, Forecasting, Global Impact, and Resilient Infrastructure.Rapid Arctic warming is altering circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean. Resulting changes in marine ecosystems could potentially undermine regional fisheries along the coasts of New England and Atlantic Canada. These changes will present new challenges and opportunities to coastal communities. This NNA Research project focuses on links between Arctic change and the iconic American lobster (Homarus americanus) fishery. The lobster fishery is the most valuable single-species fishery in North America. It is also a well-studied socio-ecological system, making it a good subject for convergence research. The project builds a NNA Lobster Network based on cross-sector and cross-border partnerships. The project develops a climate vulnerability assessment focused on the northward geographic range shifts of lobsters in a warming ocean. This project is producing new knowledge to understand the links among climate-induced Arctic change, lower latitude marine ecosystems, and an iconic fishery in the Northwest Atlantic. This collaborative project tests two overarching hypotheses: (1) climate-driven Arctic change will affect the distribution and abundance of American lobster stocks, and (2) the resilience of the fishing industry and coastal communities will depend on accurate information to make decisions. The natural environment is studied by oceanographers and ecologists developing a coupled atmosphere-ice-ocean-ecosystem model. This model evaluates how changes in the Arctic cryosphere and ocean circulation affect ecosystem and fishery productivity at the lower latitudes of the Northwest Atlantic. Model outputs are validated using existing field datasets, some of which are co-produced by the fishing industry. Improved predictive models resulting from this effort are used for forecasts and scenario analysis of lobster population distribution. Social systems are studied through development of a bio-economic model of the fishing fleet and evaluation of the economic reliance of the fishery. The NNA Lobster Network leads to a broadened understanding of physical, biological and socio-economic conditions at varying scales of interest under past and future climate and management scenarios.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

新北极航行（NNA）是NSF的十大创意之一。NNA项目解决快速变化的北极地区的趋同科学挑战。这项北极研究需要为国家、更大地区和地球仪的经济、安全和复原力提供信息。NNA授权从地方到国际规模的新的研究伙伴关系，使下一代北极研究人员多样化，加强正规和非正规教育的努力，并在适当的情况下整合知识的共同生产。该奖项通过在以下NNA重点领域解决社会系统和自然环境之间的相互作用来实现这一目标的一部分：数据和观测，教育，预测，全球影响和弹性基础设施。北极快速变暖正在改变北大西洋的环流。由此造成的海洋生态系统的变化可能会破坏新英格兰和加拿大大西洋沿岸沿着的区域渔业。这些变化将给沿海社区带来新的挑战和机遇。NNA研究项目的重点是北极变化与标志性的美国龙虾（Homarus americanus）渔业之间的联系。龙虾渔业是北美最有价值的单一物种渔业。它也是一个得到充分研究的社会生态系统，使其成为趋同研究的一个很好的主题。该项目在跨部门和跨境伙伴关系的基础上建立了一个NNA龙虾网络。该项目制定了一项气候脆弱性评估，重点是龙虾在变暖的海洋中向北的地理范围转移。该项目正在产生新的知识，以了解气候引起的北极变化，低纬度海洋生态系统和西北大西洋标志性渔业之间的联系。该合作项目测试了两个首要假设：（1）气候驱动的北极变化将影响美国龙虾种群的分布和丰度，以及（2）渔业和沿海社区的恢复力将取决于准确的信息来做出决策。海洋学家和生态学家研究自然环境，建立一个耦合的大气-冰-海洋-生态系统模型。该模型评估了北极冰冻圈和海洋环流的变化如何影响西北大西洋低纬度地区的生态系统和渔业生产力。模型输出使用现有的实地数据集进行验证，其中一些数据集是由渔业共同制作的。改进的预测模型，从这方面的努力，用于预测和情景分析的龙虾种群分布。社会系统的研究，通过发展的生物经济模型的渔船队和渔业的经济依赖的评价。NNA龙虾网络在过去和未来的气候和管理情景下，以不同的利益规模扩大了对物理，生物和社会经济条件的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。