Understanding the Coupling of Greenhouse Gases (CH4, CO2, H2O) and Energy Fluxes over a Vulnerable Ecosystem: The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Peatland

了解脆弱生态系统中温室气体（CH4、CO2、H2O）与能量通量的耦合：萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲泥炭地

• 批准号: 0628720
• 负责人: Dennis Baldocchi
• 金额: $ 129.12万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2012-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0628720&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Coupling; Greenhouse; Gases; CH4

Temperate peatlands, such as those in the Sacramento -San Joaquin Delta (Ca) study site which is the focus of this project are hotspots of soil-carbon storage and biological diversity. They are additionally known to be vulnerable to climate change, land use, and altered water management practices. A comprehensive set of eddy covariance flux estimates for the carbon gases CH4 (methane), CO2 (carbon dioxide) and water vapor on daily, seasonal and interannual time scales will be measured and interpreted in the context of a suite of biotic (e.g. leaf-area index, plant type isotope discrimination, other edaphic and microbiological indicators) and abiotic (water table height, temperature, soil moisture, oxygen, hydrological, climatic, geohazards such as storms and earthquakes) processes. Soil biogeochemistry studies will be directed towards understanding how microbiological consortia of methanogens and methanotrophs affect the net flux of methane from these vulnerable wetland systems. Using these results, processes level models of peatland and wetland storage and emissions of carbon gases will be scaled up with remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques used to indicate vegetation type and net primary production, with the intention that these models be then extended and compared to peatlands in related ecosystems. Outreach activities of the project will include environmental education in this increasingly populated area as well as contributions to community decision making and land management issues. Connections to ongoing international activities such as the FLUXNET project as part of the ILEAPS (Integrated Land Ecosystem Atmosphere Processes Study) of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) are an important means of evaluating processes and feedbacks of carbon and water cycle components on a truly global scale. This work is supported under the NSF Carbon and Water in the Earth System solicitation, an interdisciplinary funding opportunity from the Directorate of Geosciences.

温带泥炭地，例如本项目重点关注的萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲（Ca）研究地点的泥炭地，是土壤碳储存和生物多样性的热点地区。此外，他们还知道容易受到气候变化，土地使用和改变水管理做法的影响。碳气体CH 4（甲烷）、CO2的涡度相关通量估算的一套综合的将在一套生物学模型的背景下测量和解释每日、季节和年际时间尺度上的二氧化碳和水蒸气。（例如叶面积指数、植物类型同位素辨别、其他土壤和微生物指标）和非生物指标（地下水位高度、温度、土壤湿度、氧气、水文、气候、风暴和地震等地质灾害）过程。土壤生物地球化学研究将致力于了解产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌的微生物联合体如何影响这些脆弱湿地系统的甲烷净通量。利用这些结果，泥炭地和湿地的碳气体储存和排放的过程级模型将与遥感和地理信息系统（GIS）技术，用于指示植被类型和净初级生产力，目的是这些模型，然后扩展和泥炭地在相关的生态系统进行比较。该项目的外联活动将包括在这一人口日益增加的地区开展环境教育，以及为社区决策和土地管理问题作出贡献。与正在进行的国际活动，如作为国际地圈生物圈计划（IGBP）综合陆地生态系统大气过程研究（ILEAPS）一部分的FLUXNET项目的联系是在真正的全球范围内评估碳和水循环组成部分的过程和反馈的重要手段。 这项工作得到了美国国家科学基金会地球系统碳和水项目的支持，这是地球科学理事会的一个跨学科资助机会。