An autonomous bottom-transecting instrument for making long time-series measurements of phytopigment fluorescence and acoustically detectable sediment structure to abyssal depths

一种自主底部横断仪器，用于对深海植物色素荧光和声学可检测沉积物结构进行长时间序列测量

• 批准号: 0638505
• 负责人: Kenneth Smith
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0638505&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: autonomous; bottom; transecting; instrument; making

The PI proposes to develop an autonomous bottom-transecting instrument, ROVER II capable of making long time-series estimates of fresh phytodetritus arriving on the sea floor. In addition, this instrument will concurrently monitor the structural features of the sediment that influence spatial and temporal heterogeneity in sediment community activity, ultimately affecting the signal to noise ratio and resolution of measurements on biogeochemical processes in the sediments. ROVER II will be capable of conducting non-invasive time-series measurements of phytopigment fluorescence as an indicator of fresh phytodetritus on the sediment surface, while imaging the same sediments acoustically to provide 3-dimensional profiles of structural features (e.g. burrows and animals). Sediment community metabolism measurements (e.g. sediment community oxygen consumption) coupled with 2-dimensional oxygen imaging studies, will be conducted on the same sediments along transects including up to 50 sites without docking, recharging, and data download. The critical questions that will be addressed with this instrument will help answer significant questions regarding pelagic-benthic coupling in the context of biogeochemical cycling. These questions include: 1) what is the quality and quantity of phytodetritus reaching the sea floor, 2) how important is irrigation (nondiffusive transport) in measuring mineralization in sediments and 3) what responses are elicited in the sediment community by the arrival of fresh detritus on the sea floor?

PI建议开发一种自主的海底横切仪器，ROVER II能够对到达海底的新鲜植物碎屑进行长时间序列估计。此外，该仪器还将同时监测影响沉积物群落活动时空异质性的沉积物结构特征，最终影响沉积物生物地球化学过程测量的信噪比和分辨率。ROVER II将能够对植物色素荧光进行非侵入性时间序列测量，作为沉积物表面新鲜植物碎屑的指示物，同时对相同的沉积物进行声学成像，以提供结构特征（例如洞穴和动物）的三维轮廓。沉积物群落代谢测量（如沉积物群落耗氧量）结合二维氧成像研究，将沿着多达50个站点的样带对相同的沉积物进行，不需要对接、充电和数据下载。该仪器将解决的关键问题将有助于回答在生物地球化学循环背景下有关远洋-底栖生物耦合的重要问题。这些问题包括：1)到达海底的植物碎屑的质量和数量是什么；2)灌溉（非扩散运输）在测量沉积物中的矿化方面有多重要；3)新鲜碎屑到达海底会引起沉积物群落的什么反应？