Simulations of Aerosol Influences on Severe Convective Storms

气溶胶对强对流风暴影响的模拟

• 批准号: 0638910
• 负责人: William Cotton
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0638910&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Simulations; Aerosol; Influences; Severe; Convective

This research focuses on investigations of hazardous weather from mesoscale convective systems (MCS). The Principal Investigator will address two research objectives: (1) Modeling studies of the effects of dust and pollution-produced aerosol on severe storms with an emphasis on tornado outbreaks; (2) Implementation of a three-moment hail model and applying it to studies of impacts of aerosol on hail size and severe storm dynamics. Thus, the intellectual merit of the research is that it will explore relationships between aerosols and the severity of convective storms. The broader impacts involve investigating a causal relationship between dust and storm severity, which potentially could lead to a modification of severe storm forecasting techniques to include aerosol variability. These techniques could include nowcasting of severe weather using satellite-derived dust and pollution products as well as development of a new infrastructure in numerical weather prediction centers for implementation of aerosol physics into models, the retrieval of quantitative aerosol products, and models for dust and pollution sources and transport. This improvement in forecasting could lead to a reduction in storm damage and loss of life. The educational benefit of this research is that results of this work will be immediately incorporated in the course content of first year and advanced courses in cloud physics and cloud dynamics as well as textbooks authored by the Principal Investigator. In addition, the research will provide support for two PhD and one postdoctoral student.

本研究主要探讨中尺度对流系统对灾害性天气的影响。 主要研究员将致力于两个研究目标：（1）模拟研究灰尘和污染产生的气溶胶对强风暴的影响，重点是龙卷风的爆发;（2）实施三时刻冰雹模型，并将其应用于研究气溶胶对冰雹大小和强风暴动力学的影响。 因此，这项研究的智力价值在于它将探索气溶胶与对流风暴严重程度之间的关系。更广泛的影响涉及调查沙尘和风暴严重程度之间的因果关系，这可能导致修改强风暴预报技术，以包括气溶胶的变化。这些技术可包括利用卫星产生的沙尘和污染产品对恶劣天气进行临近预报，以及在数值天气预报中心开发新的基础设施，以便将气溶胶物理学应用于模型，检索定量气溶胶产品，以及建立沙尘和污染源及迁移模型。 预报的这一改进可能会减少风暴造成的损失和生命损失。 这项研究的教育效益是，这项工作的结果将立即纳入云物理学和云动力学的第一年和高级课程的课程内容，以及由首席研究员编写的教科书。 此外，该研究将为两名博士和一名博士后学生提供支持。