Collaborative Research: U.S. GLOBEC: NEP Phase IIIb-CGOA: Links between climate and planktonic food webs

合作研究：美国 GLOBEC：NEP 第三阶段 b-CGOA：气候与浮游食物网之间的联系

• 批准号: 0639093
• 负责人: Suzanne Strom
• 金额: $ 18.63万
• 依托单位: Western Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0639093&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; U.S.; GLOBEC; NEP

The organizing theme of this project are the two food-web modes of the planktonic community of the Coastal Gulf of Alaska (CGoA): small cell-dominated (prokaryotes, pico- and nanoflagellates) or large cell-dominated (primarily chain diatoms); that these modes are dictated by physical and biological conditions, both bottom-up and top-down; and that each mode has different consequences for the production of GLOBEC target organisms, with one system primarily supporting large copepods and the other system primarily supporting the microbial food web and the mucous-net feeding zooplankton (larvaceans and pteropods) that are prime prey for juvenile salmon. The interdisciplinary team will synthesize the physical, chemical, and biological data collected by GLOBEC NEP to address this central conceptual model of the linkages between environmental forcing (including climate change) and ecosystem state.The research plan is organized into three interacting sectors of synthesis: (1) Describe the planktonic food web in the CGoA study region. (2) Provide an integrated view of conditions in the CGoA during each of the field years (1998-2004), and place these conditions in a multi-decadal climate context using longer-term environmental data sets. (3) Combine the environmental description for each year with food web structural/ and functional relationships to: (a) describe interannual variations in primary and secondary production; (b) investigate probable mechanisms driving these variations; and (c) determine the consequences for target organisms: Neocalanus spp., euphausiids and juvenile pink salmon. Box, statistical and 1-D ecosystem models will be employed to address a range of these questions about climate-food web linkages.Broader Impacts: Understanding of mechanisms controlling each of the two states of the CGoA ecosystem and the consequences for salmon will contribute to ecosystem based fishery management, especially for pink salmon. Our synthesis proposal will identify direct mechanisms, such as increased temperature, freshwater discharge, stratification and wind stress, by which climate is linked to ecosystem state and to salmon production. The detailed understanding that will come from this synthesis may allow derivation of simple indices for prediction of ecosystem state. The Exhibits Manager at the Alaska SeaLife Center in Seward has confirmed interest in developing an educational display showing the food web structure of the CGoA and how this relates to the success/production of higher trophic levels, including pink salmon.

本项目的组织主题是阿拉斯加沿海湾浮游生物群落的两种食物网模式：小细胞为主（原核生物，微鞭毛虫和纳米鞭毛虫）或大细胞为主（主要是链状硅藻）；这些模式是由生理和生物条件决定的，有自下而上的也有自上而下的；每种模式对GLOBEC目标生物的产生都有不同的影响，一种系统主要支持大型桡足类动物，另一种系统主要支持微生物食物网和粘液网喂养浮游动物（幼虫类和翼足类），这些浮游动物是幼鲑鱼的主要猎物。跨学科团队将综合GLOBEC NEP收集的物理、化学和生物数据，以解决环境强迫（包括气候变化）与生态系统状态之间联系的核心概念模型。研究计划分为三个相互作用的综合部分：(1)描述CGoA研究区域的浮游食物网。(2)提供1998-2004年每个野外年CGoA条件的综合视图，并利用长期环境数据集将这些条件置于多年代际气候背景中。(3)将每年的环境描述与食物网结构/功能关系结合起来，以：(a)描述初级和次级生产的年际变化；(b)调查导致这些变化的可能机制；(c)确定对目标生物的影响：新卡兰纳斯（Neocalanus spp.）、大鳞鱼（euphausiids）和粉红鲑鱼幼鱼。方框、统计和一维生态系统模型将被用来解决一系列关于气候-食物网联系的问题。更广泛的影响：了解控制CGoA生态系统两种状态的机制及其对鲑鱼的影响，将有助于基于生态系统的渔业管理，特别是对粉鲑鱼的管理。我们的综合建议将确定气候与生态系统状态和鲑鱼产量相关的直接机制，如温度升高、淡水排放、分层和风应力。从这种综合中得到的详细的理解可能允许推导用于预测生态系统状态的简单指数。位于苏厄德的阿拉斯加海洋生物中心的展览经理已经确认有兴趣开发一个教育展览，展示CGoA的食物网结构，以及这与包括粉红鲑鱼在内的更高营养水平的成功/生产之间的关系。