CRB: Physiological and Thermoregulatory Responses of a Top Ppredator to Large-Scale Habitat Manipulations.

CRB：顶级捕食者对大规模栖息地操纵的生理和温度调节反应。

• 批准号: 0641117
• 负责人: Steven Beaupre
• 金额: $ 27万
• 依托单位: University of Arkansas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0641117&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRB; Physiological; Thermoregulatory; Responses; Top

Concerns about the impacts of humans on the environment have created a need to understand best practices for habitat restoration, maintenance and monitoring of biodiversity. This project will develop the use of the physiological and behavioral responses of a top predator to monitor the effectiveness of habitat restoration aimed at improving habitat quality for wildlife. Because they are at the top of the food chain, predators reflect changes in habitat quality in their behavior, growth, and body weight. The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission plans to manipulate forest plots using cutting and application of controlled fire to increase food availability for wildlife. The investigator will use standard ecological and physiological monitoring techniques to quantify the responses of plants, small mammals and a top predator, the Timber Rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) in manipulated and unmanipulated forest plots. It is expected that forest manipulations will result in increased seed production at ground level, increased small mammal diversity and abundance, and improvements in body condition and growth rate of the predator. Furthermore, it is likely that changes in habitat structure will influence the ability of the snakes to regulate their body temperatures, which also will affect their growth and body condition. The project provides a unique opportunity to understand detailed connections between food producing plants, small mammal populations and their primary predator. Validation of the use of predator responses to monitor forest health will be an important contribution to the field of habitat restoration and management, and will provide important information about the physiological responses of these top predators to the impacts of habitat change. The broader impacts of this project focus on public education, teacher training, and undergraduate and graduate education. Direct involvement of hundreds of 5th grade students is planned through the incorporation of seed fall surveys into the Ozark Natural Science Center curriculum. Participation of members of underrepresented groups will be aggressively pursued through appropriate programs at the University of Arkansas. Finally, the work will strengthen research ties and cooperation between University of Arkansas researchers and important state agencies such as the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission and the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission.

由于担心人类对环境的影响，有必要了解栖息地恢复、维持和监测生物多样性的最佳做法。该项目将利用顶级捕食者的生理和行为反应来监测旨在改善野生动物栖息地质量的栖息地恢复的有效性。因为它们处于食物链的顶端，捕食者在它们的行为、生长和体重上反映出栖息地质量的变化。阿肯色州狩猎和渔业委员会计划通过砍伐和应用受控火灾来操纵森林地块，以增加野生动物的食物供应。研究人员将使用标准的生态和生理监测技术来量化植物、小型哺乳动物和顶级捕食者--木材响尾蛇在经过操纵和未操纵的森林地块中的反应。预计森林管理将增加地面水平的种子产量，增加小型哺乳动物的多样性和丰富性，并改善捕食者的身体状况和生长速度。此外，栖息地结构的变化很可能会影响蛇调节体温的能力，这也会影响它们的生长和身体状况。该项目为了解粮食生产植物、小型哺乳动物种群及其主要捕食者之间的详细联系提供了一个独特的机会。验证利用捕食者反应监测森林健康将是栖息地恢复和管理领域的重要贡献，并将提供关于这些顶级捕食者对生境变化影响的生理反应的重要信息。该项目的更广泛影响集中在公共教育、教师培训以及本科生和研究生教育上。计划通过将种子秋季调查纳入奥扎克自然科学中心的课程，让数百名五年级学生直接参与其中。将通过阿肯色大学的适当项目，积极推动代表不足群体的成员参与。最后，这项工作将加强阿肯色大学研究人员与阿肯色州猎鱼委员会和阿肯色州自然遗产委员会等重要州机构之间的研究联系和合作。