Comparative physiological study on environmental temperature effect influencing development of thermoregulatory competence in birds.

环境温度影响鸟类体温调节能力发育的比较生理学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
15560352
负责人：
TAZAWA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Muroran Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.Development of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and heart rate circadian rhythms in chickens.Simultaneous measurements of respiratory activities and instantaneous heart rate (IHR) in externally pipped (EP) embryos which switch gas exchanger from the chorioallantois to the lung and also in newly hatched chicks evidenced development of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in chickens. In addition, long-term measurement of IHR during a week post-hatch elucidated development of heart rate (HR) circadian rhythms in chickens. In ducks and emu, HR circadian rhythms were not evident as compared with chickens and their diurnal and nocturnal HR variations seemed to be caused by feeding or daily activities.2.Development of heart rate variability and responses to altered ambient oxygen in chicken embryos.Simultaneous measurements of embryonic HR variability both in broiler and white leghorn chickens and power spectrum analyses evidenced that development of cholinergic chronotropic control was not different between both strains. In addition, HR responses to altered ambient oxygen (hypoxia and hyperoxia) were investigated in young pre-pipped, pre-internally pipped (IP), IP and EP embryos and found to be different between pre-pipped and pipped embryos.3.Development of endothermic heart rate response in chickens, ducks and emu.In chickens, it was evidenced that sequence of exposure of hatchlings to altered ambient temperatures did not affect the endothermic HR response and brooding temperatures did not affect early development of endothermic HR response. The endothermic HR response to alteration of 10℃ in ambient temperature appeared in a day post-hatch in broiler chickens, soon after hatching in ducks and during external pipping period in emu. In addition, it was found that development of endothermic HR response was different between broiler and white leghorn chickens, which might be due to genetic selection of broiler chickens which grew fast.

1。鸡呼吸窦性心律失常和心率昼夜节律的发展。在外部倾斜（EP）胚胎中，同时测量呼吸活性和瞬时心率（IHR），这些胚胎将气体交换器从绒毛膜甲壳虫转移到肺部以及新孵化的鸡肉中鸡的呼吸鼻窦心律失常的发育。此外，在鸡肉中阐明心率（HR）昼夜节律的一周后，IHR的长期测量在鸡中。在鸭子和emu中，与鸡相比，人力资源昼夜节律并未证明是由于喂养或日常活动而引起的。两种菌株之间的胆碱能表现控制的发展没有差异。此外，研究了对周围环境氧（低氧和高氧）的人力资源反应，在年轻的预性，前室外畅通器（IP），IP和EP胚胎中，发现在胚胎和薄荷的胚胎之间有所不同。3。在鸡，鸭子和emu.in atsefient to temportiond todients todientiond temientiond temientiond temientiond sequientiond sequientiond sequientiond sequientiond sequientiond sequientiond sequientiond sequientiond to nignients nivectientiond的胚胎的效果，均具有反应的影响。吸热的人力资源反应和沉思温度不会影响吸热HR反应的早期发展。在鸭子鸡孵化后不久，在EMU孵化后不久，在肉鸡鸡的一天中，在周围的一天中，对环境温度变化的变化的吸热性HR反应出现。此外，发现肉鸡和白leghorn鸡之间的吸热性HR反应的发展是不同的，这可能是由于遗传选择快速生长的肉鸡。