Ecological consequences of widespread post-hurricane Katrina oil spills: Integrating chemistry with biology in the field and laboratory

卡特里娜飓风后广泛漏油的生态后果：在现场和实验室将化学与生物学相结合

• 批准号: 0652006
• 负责人: Andrew Whitehead
• 金额: $ 33.34万
• 依托单位: Louisiana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0652006&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecological; consequences; widespread; post; hurricane

Whitehead, Andrew PILouisiana State University0652006Ecological consequences of widespread post-hurricane Katrina oil spills: Integrating chemistry with biology in the field and laboratoryThe major goal of the proposed work is to link genomic, developmental, and physiological effects in marsh-dwelling fish with stressors released during the devastation caused by Hurricane Katrina to an industrialized coastal area. It is likely that the results will inform a greater understanding of the responses of organisms to a variety of natural and anthropogenic stressors and lead to improved restoration efforts. One of the hypotheses that will be investigated is that oil-associated toxicity to resident fish will be significant. A second hypothesis is that oil contamination levels will be predictive of functional genomic responses, and that functional genomic responses will be predictive of developmental and physiological responses in marsh fishes. A final hypothesis is that combinations of natural and anthropogenic stressors associated with major storm events will interact in complex ways in governing the emergent stress phenotype. These hypotheses will be tested by integrating field experiments with controlled laboratory exposures, combining chemical with biological data, and coupling functional genomic endpoints with genotoxic, physiological, and developmental indicators of ecological stress.This unusual study using advanced genomic techniques will take advantage of the hurricane-induced damage in a major center of petroleum activity to consider the interaction of the natural stressors to the ecosystem from the flooding and high winds of hurricanes and the anthropogenic stressors released from the industrial and residential areas. The broader impacts of this work include advancement of a more fundamental understanding of ecological functioning in coastal marshes that are highly influenced by industrial and urban systems; development of an environmental genomics model; and information transfer to local, state, and federal organizations involved in sustainability of coastal regions. Undergraduate students have been central to the preliminary research for this work and will be involved throughout the project. Both graduate and undergraduate students will benefit from the project and it is likely to attract under-represented groups to science and engineering.

路易斯安那州立大学卡特里娜飓风后大范围石油泄漏的生态后果：在野外和实验室中将化学与生物学相结合这项拟议工作的主要目标是将在卡特里娜飓风对工业化沿海地区造成破坏期间释放的压力源与沼泽鱼类的基因组、发育和生理影响联系起来。这些结果很可能会让我们更好地了解生物对各种自然和人为压力源的反应，并改善恢复工作。将被调查的一个假设是，与石油有关的毒性对居住的鱼类将是显著的。第二个假设是，石油污染水平将预测功能性基因组反应，而功能性基因组反应将预测沼泽鱼类的发育和生理反应。最后一个假设是，与重大风暴事件相关的自然和人为压力源的组合将以复杂的方式相互作用，以控制紧急压力表型。这些假设将通过整合现场实验和受控的实验室暴露，结合化学和生物学数据，以及将功能基因组终点与生态应激的基因毒性、生理和发育指标相结合来验证。这项不寻常的研究使用了先进的基因组技术，将利用飓风在主要石油活动中心造成的破坏，考虑飓风带来的洪水和大风对生态系统的自然压力因素以及工业和居民区释放的人为压力因素之间的相互作用。这项工作的更广泛影响包括促进对受工业和城市系统高度影响的沿海沼泽生态功能的更基本理解；环境基因组学模型的建立；并将信息传递给参与沿海地区可持续发展的地方、州和联邦组织。本科生一直是这项工作的初步研究的核心，并将参与整个项目。研究生和本科生都将从该项目中受益，它可能会吸引科学和工程领域代表性不足的群体。