Strong Correlations in Atomic Gases and Complex Materials

技术概述：该奖项支持凝聚态物理与原子、分子和光学物理界面的理论研究和教育。研究的重点是研究和发现强相互作用粒子系统的涌现特性。PI旨在促进对两个领域的理解，这两个领域涉及强相互作用电子和超冷原子，这些原子服从光学晶格陷阱中的费米统计。第一个领域，从紧密结合对的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚到原子费米气体中发生的巴丁-库珀-施里弗理论的合作配对的交叉的新方面将被研究，特别强调非常强的相互作用统一制度。第二个领域涉及莫特金属-绝缘体过渡附近的超导性研究，具体应用于高温超导体、其他过渡金属氧化物和低维有机金属系统。提出的研究解决了凝聚态物质和复杂材料物理中的关键问题。从紧密结合对的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚到巴丁-库珀-施里弗理论的合作配对的交叉工作将集中在原子费米气体中的强相关性上，这对量子色动力学中的夸克-胶子等离子体和彩色超导等多种领域都有影响。现在有许多材料在莫特绝缘体附近发生超导性，其中最著名的是高温超导铜酸盐。这些材料迫使我们使用非摄动方法来描述强相关性。非技术总结：该奖项支持理论研究和教育，旨在了解复杂材料中出现的已知电子物质的新状态，并发现复杂材料中物质的新状态，如高温超导体和激光产生的空间周期性陷阱中的原子。这些看似不同的系统一方面位于凝聚态物理领域，另一方面位于原子，分子和光学物理领域，它们都具有由许多组件组成的系统的特征，无论是电子还是原子，它们彼此之间相互作用强烈。这项研究旨在开发和应用先进的理论技术，使人们能够理解这些系统中出现的不寻常的特性和物质的新状态。这是前沿领域的基础性研究，为未来技术的发展奠定了知识基础。这些包括量子信息系统，未来先进的电子设备，以及目前无法预见的可能性。这项研究活动还支持培养下一代凝聚态理论家。

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This award supports theoretical research and education at the interface of condensed matter physics and atomic, molecular, and optical physics. The research is focused on the study and discovery of emergent properties of systems of strongly interacting particles.The PI seeks to advance understanding in two areas involving strongly interacting electrons and ultracold atoms obeying Fermi statistics confined in optical lattice traps. The first area, novel aspects of the crossover from Bose-Einstein Condensation of tightly bound pairs to the cooperative pairing of the Bardeen Cooper Schrieffer theory that takes place in atomic Fermi gases will be investigated with particular emphasis on the very strongly interacting unitarity regime. The second area involves a study of superconductivity near the Mott metal-insulator transition with specific applications to high temperature superconductors, other transition metal oxides, and low-dimensional organometalic systems. The proposed research addresses key issues in the physics of condensed matter and complex materials. The work on the crossover from Bose-Einstein Condensation of tightly bound pairs to the cooperative pairing of the Bardeen Cooper Schrieffer theory will focus on strong correlations in atomic Fermi gases, which has implications for fields as diverse as quark-gluon plasmas and color superconductivity in quantum chromodynamics. There are by now many materials in which superconductivity occurs near a Mott insulator, the best known being the high temperature superconducting cuprates. These materials force us to describe strong correlations using non-perturbative approaches.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This award supports theoretical research and education that seeks to understand known new states of electronic matter that arise in complex materials and discover new states of matter in complex materials like high temperature superconductors and in atoms in spatially periodic traps created with laser light. These seemingly diverse systems that lie in the domains of condensed matter physics on the one hand and atomic, molecular, and optical physics on the other, share the feature of being systems composed of many components, be they electrons or atoms, that interact strongly with each other. This research effort seeks to develop and apply advanced theoretical techniques to enable the understanding of the unusual properties and new states of matter that emerge from these systems.This is fundamental research at the frontiers that contributes to the intellectual foundations upon which future technologies may rest. These include quantum information systems, future advanced electronic devices, and currently unforeseen possibilities. The research activity also supports training the next generation of condensed matter theorists.