Strongly Interacting Fermions in Ultracold Atomic Gases and Correlated Materials

技术总结该奖项支持强相互作用费米系统领域的理论研究和教育。该项目与目前在两类不同系统--超冷原子气体和复杂材料--的实验密切相关，并将导致对量子多体物理的基本见解。在强相互作用原子气体区域，PI将集中于：(I)超流、铁磁和费米液体相的研究，(Ii)配对能隙和伪能隙的光谱探测，以及(Iii)剪切和整体粘度等动力学系数及其在一元区的反常行为。许多将要解决的问题在固态材料中都有有趣的对应。这些问题包括在单带排斥模型中可能存在铁磁基态，或者在强吸引费米气体中存在配对赝隙的正常态，以及在准粒子不明确定义的区域中输运系数的问题。PI还将探索冷原子的动量分辨射频光谱等光谱探测器与复杂材料中的角度分辨光电子发射之间的相似性。该项目的一部分将处理目前只对复杂材料直接感兴趣的问题。PI将专注于掺杂Mott绝缘体引起的强关联态中的无序效应。一方面，无序引起纳米尺度的不均匀性，这在决定可观测性质方面起着重要作用，另一方面，它也作为局域微扰，给出了对强关联电子态的新见解。一个引人注目的例子是，在强关联超导体中，无序效应似乎受到了强烈的抑制。这项研究将包括在研究前沿的重要问题上培训研究生。部分研究将导致原子、分子和光学物理、凝聚态物理和高能物理等领域的相互促进。PI将继续通过在国际会议和暑期学校的讲座和讲座来传播他的成果，并通过流行的讲座向本科生和高中生传达科学研究的兴奋。非技术总结该奖项支持理论研究和教育，以研究相互作用粒子系统的出现性质，这是凝聚态物理的核心。当成分相互作用强烈时，就会出现一些最有趣的性质。PI旨在从理论上洞察两类涉及超冷原子气体中强相互作用原子和复杂固态材料中的强相互作用原子的问题。超冷原子气体是原子的气体，使用激光或磁场冷却到非常接近绝对零度的温度。这一理论研究受到最近的实验的强烈推动。PI的目标是获得新的见解，并做出可通过实验检验的预测。部分研究与核物理和高能物理等不同的物理领域存在重叠。相关材料的工作旨在解决一些重要的问题，比如为什么高温超导体对材料中的杂质和缺陷具有异常强大的抵抗力，这是一个具有基础和实际重要性的问题。这项研究将包括在研究前沿的重要问题上对研究生进行培训。部分研究将导致原子、分子和光学物理、凝聚态物理和高能物理等领域的相互促进。PI将继续通过在国际会议和暑期学校的讲座和讲座来传播他的成果，并通过流行的讲座向本科生和高中生传达科学研究的兴奋。

TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education in the area of strongly interacting Fermi systems. This project is closely tied to current experiments in two different classes of systems, ultracold atomic gases and complex materials, and will lead to fundamental insights into quantum many-body physics. In the area strongly interacting atomic gases, the PI will focus on: (i) the study of superfluid, ferromagnetic, and Fermi liquid phases, (ii) spectroscopic probes of pairing gaps and pseudogaps, and (iii) kinetic coefficients like shear and bulk viscosities and their anomalous behavior in the unitary regime. Many of the issues that will be addressed have interesting counterparts in solid state materials. These include questions like the possible existence of a ferromagnetic ground state in a single band repulsive model, or that of a normal state pairing pseudogap in strongly attractive Fermi gases, and questions about transport coefficients in regimes where quasiparticles are not well-defined. The PI will also explore the similarities between spectroscopic probes like momentum-resolved radio-frequency spectroscopy of cold atoms and angle-resolved photoemission in complex materials. A part of the project will deal with questions that are at the present time of direct interest only in complex materials. The PI will focus on the effect of disorder in strongly-correlated states which arise from doping Mott insulators. On the one hand, disorder gives rise to nanoscale inhomogeneity which plays a major role in determining observable properties, and on the other hand, it also acts as a local perturbation that gives new insights into the strongly correlated electronic state. A striking example is how disorder effects seem to be strongly suppressed in strongly correlated superconductors.The research will involve training graduate students in important problems at the frontiers of research. Parts of the research will lead to cross-fertilization between the fields of atomic, molecular and optical physics, condensed matter physics, and high energy physics. The PI will continue to disseminate his results through talks and lectures at international conferences and summer schools, and to communicate the excitement of scientific research to undergraduates and high school students through popular lectures. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education to study the emergent properties of systems of interacting particles which lies at the heart of condensed matter physics. Some of the most interesting properties arise when the constituents are strongly interacting. The PI aims to gain theoretical insight into two classes of problems involving strongly interacting atoms in ultracold atomic gases and in complex solid state materials. Ultracold atomic gases are gases of atoms that are cooled using lasers or magnetic fields to temperatures very close to the absolute zero of temperature. This theoretical research is strongly motivated by recent experiments. The PI's goal is to obtain new insights and to make predictions that are testable through experiment. Parts of the research have an overlap with areas of physics as diverse as nuclear and high energy physics. The work on correlated materials aims to address the important questions like why the high temperature superconductors are unusually robust against impurities and imperfections in the materials, a matter of both fundamental and practical importance. The research will involve training graduate students in important problems at the frontiers of research. Parts of the research will lead to cross-fertilization between the fields of atomic, molecular and optical physics, condensed matter physics, and high energy physics. The PI will continue to disseminate his results through talks and lectures at international conferences and summer schools, and to communicate the excitement of scientific research to undergraduates and high school students through popular lectures.