Coherence, Noise and Cross-Correlations in Nanosystems

纳米系统中的相干性、噪声和互相关性

• 批准号: 0706319
• 负责人: Philippe Jacquod
• 金额: $ 25.5万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-15 至 2012-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0706319&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Coherence; Noise; Cross; Correlations; Nanosystems

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This award supports theoretical and computational research on the quantum mechanics of coherent meso- and nano-scale electronic systems. Investigations will focus on charge and spin transport in ballistic electronic devices, as well as on the spectroscopy of hybrid systems made of metallic nanograins in contact with a superconductor. Several of the key questions relate to fundamentally important aspects of condensed matter physics, such as coherence in transport and interferometry through electronic microstructures. Special attention will be devoted to local fluctuations of charge, due to imperfectly screened Coulomb interactions, and the nonlinearities they generate in electron dynamics. Innovative mechanisms for the creation, manipulation and detection of pure and polarized spin currents and how to use them for information processing will be sought and investigated. Novel aspects of unconventional superconductivity will be probed in hybrid structures, and experiments will be suggested to help solve persistent enigmas posed by the normal and superconducting states of the cuprate superconductors. Statistical analytical techniques will be thoroughly applied to the study of these phenomena. In parallel to established numerical approaches such as exact diagonalization, recursive matrix inversions or quantal time evolution based on Fast-Fourier transform, new computational techniques with broad applicability will be invented, developed and appliedGraduate students and postdoctoral researchers will participate in all aspects of the project. The research will have impact on undergraduate learning through direct involvement in numerical investigations of classical counterparts of the quantum systems under investigation, either in the context of the curricular requirement of a semester of independent research for the BS. in physics, or during summer internships. The PI is actively working to engage members of underrepresented minorities in every facet of his research activities.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This award supports theoretical and computational research on the meso- and nano-scale electronic systems with a focus on novel phenomena that arise as a consequence of quantum mechanics. The research has a focus on how fundamental properties of electrons move through nanoscopic and mesoscopic stystems. These are not only the electric charge carried by the electron but also its "spin." Spin is a quantum mechanical property of the electron; because of spin the electron can be viewed as a very tiny magnet. Understanding how to manipulate electron charge and spin on the nanoscale contributes to the intellectual foundation of the emerging field of "spintronics" and the electronic devices that might result. This research also contributes to the application of ideas based in quantum mechanics to computation, or quantum information science.

该奖项支持相干介观和纳米尺度电子系统量子力学的理论和计算研究。调查将集中在弹道电子设备中的电荷和自旋输运，以及由金属纳米颗粒与超导体接触制成的混合系统的光谱学。几个关键问题涉及凝聚态物理学的基本重要方面，例如通过电子微结构的传输和干涉测量的相干性。将特别关注由于不完全屏蔽的库仑相互作用引起的电荷局部波动，以及它们在电子动力学中产生的非线性。将寻求和研究纯和极化自旋电流的创造，操纵和检测的创新机制以及如何将其用于信息处理。非常规超导性的新方面将在混合结构中进行探索，并将建议实验来帮助解决铜酸盐超导体的正常和超导状态所造成的持续谜团。统计分析技术将被彻底应用于这些现象的研究。在平行建立的数值方法，如精确对角化，递归矩阵求逆或基于快速傅立叶变换的量子时间演化，新的计算技术具有广泛的适用性将被发明，开发和应用研究生和博士后研究人员将参与该项目的各个方面。该研究将通过直接参与正在调查的量子系统的经典对应物的数值调查对本科生学习产生影响，无论是在BS独立研究一个学期的课程要求的背景下。在物理学上，或者在暑期实习中。PI积极致力于让代表性不足的少数民族成员参与其研究活动的各个方面。非技术概要：该奖项支持中尺度和纳米尺度电子系统的理论和计算研究，重点关注量子力学产生的新现象。该研究的重点是电子的基本性质如何在纳米和介观系统中移动。这些不仅是电子携带的电荷，而且是它的“自旋”。“自旋是电子的量子力学性质;由于自旋，电子可以被视为一个非常微小的磁铁。理解如何在纳米尺度上操纵电子电荷和自旋有助于新兴的“自旋电子学”领域的知识基础和可能产生的电子器件。这项研究也有助于将基于量子力学的思想应用于计算或量子信息科学。