Sculptured dermal bones as osteological correlates of integumentary structure and physiology of basal tetrapods

雕刻真皮骨作为基础四足动物外皮结构和生理学的骨学相关性

• 批准号: 18183691
• 负责人: Dr. Florian Witzmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung (MfN)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/18183691?language=en
• 关键词: Sculptured; dermal; bones; osteological; correlates

The physiological changes that occurred during the conquest of land by vertebrates in the Late Palaeozoic are poorly understood, since soft part preservation is exceptional in basal tetrapods. Because the integument determines major aspects in a vertebrate’s metabolism, a better knowledge of the integumentary structure in basal tetrapods will help to understand the transition from fish to tetrapod and from non-amniote to amniote. Dermal bones are well suited as osteological correlates for integumentary soft parts since they develop within the dermis and are penetrated by noumerous blood vessels, nerves, and anchoring fibres. The present project has shown that in contrast to the aquatic stem-tetrapods, metaplastic tissue and closely packed, mineralised Sharpey’s fibres are present in sculptured dermal bones of basal crown-group tetrapods. This indicates that these more terrestrially adapted animals attained a denser integument that was well integrated with the sculpture of the bone surface. The sculptural ridges protected the numerous vessels that opened to the outer bone surface. In the proposed extension, the relationships between dermal bone and the overlying integument in extant sculpture-bearing fishes, amphibians, and crocodiles will be clarified that serve as extant phylogenetic bracket of the fossil forms. In this way, the hitherto obtained implications for the skin of basal tetrapods are tested. It will be established whether there is a correlation between sculptural pattern, vascularisation of the sculptured bone surface, and presumed mode of life.

在晚古生代脊椎动物征服陆地的过程中发生的生理变化知之甚少，因为柔软的部分保存在基底四足动物中是例外。由于外皮决定了脊椎动物代谢的主要方面，因此更好地了解基底四足动物的外皮结构将有助于理解从鱼类到四足动物以及从非脊椎动物到脊椎动物的过渡。真皮骨非常适合作为皮肤软组织的骨学相关物，因为它们在真皮内发育并被大量血管、神经和锚定纤维穿透。目前的项目表明，在水生干四足动物，化生组织和紧密包装，矿化Sharpey的纤维存在于雕刻真皮骨的基底冠组四足动物。这表明这些更适应陆地的动物获得了更致密的外皮，与骨骼表面的雕塑很好地结合在一起。雕塑般的脊状突起保护着许多通向骨外表面的血管。在建议的扩展，真皮骨和覆盖在现存的雕塑轴承鱼类，两栖动物和鳄鱼的外皮之间的关系将被澄清，作为现存的化石形式的系统发育支架。以这种方式，迄今获得的影响，皮肤的基础四足动物进行测试。将确定雕刻图案、雕刻骨表面的血管化和假定的生活方式之间是否存在相关性。