Boltzmann-Kinetic studies of MHD-plasma properties near the solar wind termination shock and the heliosheath

为了描述等离子体-等离子体相互作用场景，如日球界面，目前的文献只使用经典的磁流体力学方法。然而，这些方法在许多方面都失败了，因为在这些磁流体方法中不能考虑到磁场行为的非理想性和电荷交换引起的与假设的平衡分布函数的偏差。在这个项目中，我们的目标是对目前讨论的日球界面结构的MHD解进行玻尔兹曼动力学控制。我们计算了动力学诱导的非理想电阻率及其对所采用的理想冻结场概念的违背。我们还研究了等离子体粒子在其弓形激波或末端激波跃迁时的动力学特性，这些跃迁产生高度非松弛的、不稳定的分布函数，其中包含大量的自由能，它们通过这些自由能驱动激波产生的湍流。在这些研究中，我们还考虑了冲击等离子体的抗磁作用，以减少磁场感应的冲击后强度，这很可能解释了最近用遥远的太空探测器旅行者-1观察到的令人惊讶的等离子体特性。我们还表明，电荷交换引起的非平衡分布函数实际上将在即将到来的太空任务中被观测到，比如IBEX，然后将为日球层界面中实际正在进行的物理现象提供极有价值的提示。

To describe plasma-plasma interaction scenarios like the heliospheric interface in the up-to-now literature only classical magneto-hydrodynamic approaches are used. These, however, fail in many respects, since non-idealities in the magnetic field behaviour and charge-exchange induced deviations from the hypothesized equilibrium distribution functions cannot be taken into account in these magneto-fluid approaches. In this project we aim at a Boltzmann-kinetic controle on presently discussed MHD solutions for the heliospheric interface structures. We calculate kinetically induced non-ideal resistivities and their violation of the adopted ideal frozen-in field concept. We also study kinetic properties of plasma panicles at their bowshock or termination shock transititon producing highly non-relaxated, unstable distribution functions which contain substantial amounts of free energy by which they drive shock-generated turbulences. In these studies we also take into account the diamagnetic action of shocked plasma species in reducing the postshock magnitude of the magnetic field induction which most likely may explain the surprising plasma properties recently observed with the distant spaceprobe VOYAGER-1. We also show that charge-exchange induced non-equilibrium distribution functions will in fact be observable with upcoming space missions like IBEX and then will give extremely valuable hints to the actually ongoing physics in the heliospheric interface.