En-Gen: A Genomic and Physiology Approach to Understanding the Impact of Fungal Colonization on Root Metabolism and Nutrient Acquisition

En-Gen：一种基因组和生理学方法来了解真菌定植对根部代谢和养分获取的影响

• 批准号: 0723775
• 负责人: Daniel Schachtman
• 金额: $ 93.5万
• 依托单位: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0723775&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: En; Gen; Genomic; Physiology; Approach

Fungi, called arbuscular mycorrhizae, form an important symbiosis with the roots of many plants and play an important role in nutrient uptake from soils. Although this association is vital for providing nutrients for many plants, and plays an important role in increasing crop yields, we still know surprisingly little about this association. Tomatoes provide an excellent system in which to ask questions about this association as one can experimentally manipulate tomatoes, which naturally have mycorryzae, and mutant strains that can grow without mycorrhizal associations. This project will focus on using genomic tools to understand how the interaction between mycorrhizal fungi and roots alters the way in which roots function in soils where there are localized patches of nutrients, as is typical in most soils, by using tomatoes in soil with and without enrichment with several important nutrients: nitrate, ammonium, zinc and phosphorus. The PIs will compare the gene expression profiles in mycorrhizal and in non-mycorrhizal tomato roots to the addition of nutrient patches to the soil (mimicking natural and agricultural patchiness), using stable isotopes. Initial analyses will include a tomato microarray, which allows for the study of thousands of genes to simultaneously examine genomic and physiological responses to complex and more controlled environments in the field and in the greenhouse experiments. The PIs will also use an ultra-high throughput sequencing method, which provides comprehensive data sets for both the discovery of new genes and for comparative gene expression between treatments and tomato genotypes. The results of this work will yield a better understanding of strategies that may be used for agricultural management and crop breeding to achieve greater benefits from mycorrhizal symbiosis and to increase nutrient use efficiency. An understanding of the interaction between roots and symbiotic fungi will potentially lead to strategies for decreased fertilizer usage and enhanced nutrient capture from soils. Through this project, graduate students and undergraduates will be trained in multiple disciplines, including ecology, microbiology, physiology, genomics, bioinformatics and statistics, and the PIs will pay special attention to recruiting under-represented groups. Undergraduate students will be recruited as part of the Danforth REU program and will gain multidisciplinary training during the eleven week program in the summer. At UC Davis, student assistants from under-represented groups will be involved in the summer field and lab work during the year.

真菌被称为羊膜菌根，形成了重要的共生，许多植物的根源，并在土壤的营养吸收中起重要作用。 尽管这种关联对于为许多植物提供养分至关重要，并且在增加农作物产量中起着重要作用，但我们仍然对这种关联却一无所知。 西红柿提供了一个很好的系统，可以在其中提出有关这种关联的问题，因为人们可以通过实验性操纵西红柿，而西红柿自然具有霉菌性，而突变菌株则可以在没有菌根关联的情况下生长。 该项目将着重于使用基因组工具来了解菌根真菌和根之间的相互作用如何改变根源在具有局部营养素斑块的土壤中的作用，就像大多数土壤中，在大多数土壤中，通过在土壤中使用和不具有多种重要养分的土壤中的番茄：硝酸盐，氨基酸，氨基氨，氧化和磷酸化。 使用稳定的同位素，PI将比较菌根和非菌骨番茄根中的基因表达谱与在土壤中添加营养斑块（模仿天然和农业斑块），并使用稳定的同位素进行比较。 最初的分析将包括番茄微阵列，该微阵列允许研究数千个基因，以同时检查对田间和温室实验中复杂且受控环境的基因组和生理反应。 PI还将使用超高的吞吐量测序方法，该方法为发现新基因的发现以及治疗和番茄基因型之间的比较基因表达提供了全面的数据集。 这项工作的结果将更好地理解可能用于农业管理和农作物育种的策略，以从菌根共生中获得更大的收益并提高营养利用效率。 对根与共生真菌之间的相互作用的理解可能会导致肥料使用量降低和从土壤中捕获的营养捕获增强的策略。 通过该项目，研究生和本科生将接受多个学科的培训，包括生态学，微生物学，生理学，基因组学，生物信息学和统计学，PIS将特别注意招募不足的人群。 本科生将作为Danforth REU计划的一部分招募，并将在夏季的11周计划中获得多学科培训。 在加州大学戴维斯（UC Davis），来自代表性不足的团体的学生助理将参与夏季领域和实验室工作。