NEESR-SG: TIPS - Tools to Facilitate Widespread Use of Isolation and Protective Systems, a NEES/E-Defense Collaboration

该奖项是NSF 07-506项目招标的结果，乔治·e·布朗地震工程模拟（NEES）研究网络（NEESR）竞赛包括犹他州立大学作为牵头机构，加州大学伯克利分校获得次级奖项；威斯康星大学绿湾分校；以及布法罗大学。最近的地震表明，即使是适度的地面震动也会造成巨大的经济损失和重大的社会破坏，因为符合规范的建筑物中存在广泛的结构、非结构和内容物损坏。隔震与能量耗散相结合，提供了一个简单直接的机会，通过同时减少变形和加速度来控制甚至消除损害。隔震技术的发展和应用一度由美国主导，但现在这项技术在其他国家得到了更广泛的应用。本项目对在美国广泛采用隔震技术的经济、技术和程序障碍进行了战略评估。NEES资源将用于实验和数值模拟、数据挖掘、网络和协作，以了解控制孤立结构系统整体性能的因素之间复杂的相互关系。将开发创新的概念性解决方案，以降低建筑成本（例如，更有效地放置隔离器和改进建筑细节）和提高隔离系统的性能（例如，使用新的隔离装置）。协调实验和计算将解决与隔离装置相关的行为不确定性，如热加热、屈曲和拉伸能力、几何缩放和应变率效应。该项目将包括在加州大学伯克利分校和布法罗大学的NEES实验设施进行振动台和混合测试，旨在了解最终性能极限，以检查局部隔离故障（例如，碰撞止动件、轴承故障、隆升）到系统级响应的传播。这些测试，包括在日本兵库县三木市的E-Defense振动台上对一座隔离的5层钢结构建筑进行的全尺寸三维测试，将有助于填补关键的知识空白，验证有关行为和建模的假设，并提供有关隔离技术重要性的基本概念验证证据。这种综合的、整体的方法既经济有效又可靠地限制了地震的不利影响，也支持了建筑朝着可持续设计的新趋势。这些知识将被整合到一个合理的基于性能的程序中，以便在安全性、使用损失和生命周期成本方面对替代隔离系统和传统系统的性能进行一致的比较。新的知识、工具和基于性能的设计框架将促进隔震技术的有效应用，从而大幅减少与未来地震相关的损失和破坏性社会影响。通过需求评估调查和一系列研讨会，来自美国和日本各地的决策者、专业工程师、研究人员以及来自行业和监管机构的代表将分享战略、资源和技术，并协同促进应用。将利用现有资源开展活动，向从K-12到从业人员等全国受众普及隔震技术。该项目将涉及本科生通过NEES REU和LSAMP计划，现场实验和其他研究活动。实验结束后，所有数据将通过NEES数据存储库（http://www.nees.org）提供。

This award is an outcome of the NSF 07-506 program solicitation George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Research (NEESR) competition and includes Utah State University as the lead institution with subawards to the University of California, Berkeley; University of Wisconsin, Green Bay; and the University at Buffalo. Recent earthquakes have shown that even moderate ground shaking can produce large economic losses and major societal disruptions due to the widespread structural, nonstructural, and contents damage in code compliant buildings. Seismic isolation, in conjunction with energy dissipation, offers a simple and direct opportunity to control or even eliminate damage by simultaneously reducing deformations and accelerations. The United States once led the development and application of seismic isolation, but now this technology is more widely used in other countries. This project conducts a strategic assessment of the economic, technical, and procedural barriers to the widespread adoption of seismic isolation in the United States. NEES resources will be used for experimental and numerical simulation, data mining, networking and collaboration to understand the complex interrelationship among the factors controlling the overall performance of an isolated structural system. Innovative conceptual solutions will be developed for reducing construction costs (e.g., more effective placement of isolators and improved architectural detailing) and improving performance of isolation systems (e.g., use of new isolation devices). Coordinated experiments and computations will address behavioral uncertainties related to isolation devices, such as thermal heating, buckling and tensile capacity, geometric scaling, and strain rate effects. This project will involve shaking table and hybrid tests at the NEES experimental facilities at the University of California, Berkeley, and the University at Buffalo, aimed at understanding ultimate performance limits to examine the propagation of local isolation failures (e.g., bumping against stops, bearing failures, uplift) to the system level response. These tests, including a full-scale, three-dimensional test of an isolated 5-story steel building on the E-Defense shake table in Miki, Hyogo, Japan, will help fill critical knowledge gaps, validate assumptions regarding behavior and modeling, and provide essential proof-of-concept evidence regarding the importance of isolation technology. This integrated, holistic approach to cost-effectively and reliably limit the adverse impacts of earthquakes is also supportive of emerging trends in construction towards sustainable design. This knowledge will be integrated into a rational performance-based procedure that allows consistent comparison of the performance of alternative isolation and conventional systems in terms of safety, loss of use, and life cycle costs.The new knowledge, tools, and performance-based design framework will facilitate the effective application of seismic isolation technology, leading to substantial reductions in the losses and disruptive societal impacts associated with future earthquakes. Through a needs assessment survey and workshop series, decision makers, professional engineers, researchers from throughout the United States and Japan, and representatives from industry and regulatory bodies will share strategies, resources and technology, and synergistically foster application. Existing resources will be leveraged for activities to educate a national audience, ranging from K-12 to practitioners, about seismic isolation technology. The project will involve undergraduate students through the NEES REU and LSAMP programs, on-site experiments, and other research activities. Following the experiments, all data will be made available through the NEES data repository (http://www.nees.org).