Three-Dimensional Isolation System for Building Resilience to Earthquake Hazard

在基础和结构之间放置的建筑隔离系统能够减少建筑物的晃动，减轻地震时的严重破坏。然而，最近的地震和大规模试验表明，建筑物内部（机械系统、天花板瓦片等）和建筑物中的关键设备（医院和电气设备、电信设备等）受到大量破坏，导致建筑物无法使用，造成巨大的经济损失。这些对内部的破坏主要是由地震中地面的垂直晃动引起的。本项目将研究地震中建筑物竖向震动水平的识别以及将震动降低到可接受水平的隔震器的开发。拟议的系统将堆叠传统的隔离轴承，以防止水平震动和新的装置，以防止垂直震动。新装置将承重液体弹簧和可控阻尼器结合在一起。这些隔振器将有潜力在其他工程系统中使用，其中振动是至关重要的。研究人员将招募代表性不足的群体参与研究和教育工作。在这个项目中，基础科学将通过分析研究来推进，以了解受地震影响的刚体和柔性结构的三维隔离的基本动力学。一个有效的三维隔离系统的最佳性能将被确定。所提出的垂直隔离系统采用坚固的液体弹簧技术，非常适合支持大负载和在恶劣条件下运行。该系统的新颖之处在于将液体弹簧刚度和可控阻尼特性结合到一个单一的、可持续的民用基础设施应用装置中。所提出的系统是故障安全的，这样即使在电源或控制系统故障下，由于弹簧作用是被动的，因此在被动模式下仍保持最佳阻尼。本项目将设计、制造和表征一个四分之一比例的装置。

Building isolation systems placed between foundation and the structure are able to reduce shaking of the buildings and mitigate serious damage in earthquakes. However, recent earthquakes and large scale tests have shown that there is a large amount of damage to the interior of buildings (mechanical system, ceiling tiles etc.) and to the critical equipment in buildings (hospital and electrical equipment, telecommunication items etc.) leading to inoperability of buildings and high economic losses. These damages to the interior are primarily caused by vertical shaking of the ground in earthquakes. This project will pursue research in identification of the level of vertical shaking in buildings in earthquake and development of isolator that reduces the shaking to acceptable level. The proposed system will stack traditional isolation bearings for protection from horizontal shaking and new devices for protection from vertical shaking. The new device combines a weight bearing liquid spring and controllable damper into a single package. These isolators will have potential of use in other engineered systems where vibrations are critical. The researchers will recruit participation of underrepresented groups in the research and education efforts.In this project, basic science will be advanced through an analytical study to understand the fundamental dynamics of three-dimensional isolation of rigid bodies and flexible structures, subjected to earthquakes. Optimal properties of an effective three-dimensional isolation system will be determined. The proposed vertical isolation system uses liquid spring technology that is robust, ideal for supporting large loads and operating in harsh conditions. The novelty of the proposed system is combining the liquid spring stiffness and the controllable damping characteristics into a single, sustainable device for civil infrastructure application. The proposed system is fail-safe, such that even under power or control system failures optimal damping is retained in the passive mode since the spring action is passive. A one quarter scale device will be designed, built, and characterized in this project.