Three-Dimensional Isolation System for Building Resilience to Earthquake Hazard

建筑物隔震系统位于基础与结构之间，能够有效地减小建筑物的震动，减轻地震造成的严重破坏。然而，最近的地震和大规模测试表明，建筑物内部（机械系统，天花板瓷砖等）存在大量损坏。以及建筑物中的关键设备（医院和电气设备、电信项目等）导致建筑物不能使用和很高的经济损失。这些对内部的破坏主要是由地震中地面的垂直震动造成的。本项目将研究地震中建筑物的垂直振动水平的识别和将振动降低到可接受水平的隔振器的开发。拟议的系统将堆叠传统的隔离轴承，以保护免受水平震动和新的设备，以保护免受垂直震动。新设备将承重液体弹簧和可控阻尼器组合到一个单一的包装中。这些隔振器将有可能用于其他工程系统中的振动是关键。研究人员将招募代表性不足的群体参与研究和教育工作。在该项目中，将通过分析研究来推进基础科学，以了解受地震影响的刚性体和柔性结构的三维隔离的基本动力学。 一个有效的三维隔离系统的最佳性能将被确定。建议的垂直隔离系统采用液体弹簧技术，该技术坚固耐用，非常适合支撑大负载和在恶劣条件下运行。所提出的系统的新奇是将液体弹簧刚度和可控阻尼特性结合到民用基础设施应用的单个可持续设备中。所提出的系统是故障安全的，即使在电源或控制系统故障的最佳阻尼保持在被动模式，因为弹簧的作用是被动的。一个四分之一规模的设备将设计，建造，并在这个项目的特点。

Building isolation systems placed between foundation and the structure are able to reduce shaking of the buildings and mitigate serious damage in earthquakes. However, recent earthquakes and large scale tests have shown that there is a large amount of damage to the interior of buildings (mechanical system, ceiling tiles etc.) and to the critical equipment in buildings (hospital and electrical equipment, telecommunication items etc.) leading to inoperability of buildings and high economic losses. These damages to the interior are primarily caused by vertical shaking of the ground in earthquakes. This project will pursue research in identification of the level of vertical shaking in buildings in earthquake and development of isolator that reduces the shaking to acceptable level. The proposed system will stack traditional isolation bearings for protection from horizontal shaking and new devices for protection from vertical shaking. The new device combines a weight bearing liquid spring and controllable damper into a single package. These isolators will have potential of use in other engineered systems where vibrations are critical. The researchers will recruit participation of underrepresented groups in the research and education efforts.In this project, basic science will be advanced through an analytical study to understand the fundamental dynamics of three-dimensional isolation of rigid bodies and flexible structures, subjected to earthquakes. Optimal properties of an effective three-dimensional isolation system will be determined. The proposed vertical isolation system uses liquid spring technology that is robust, ideal for supporting large loads and operating in harsh conditions. The novelty of the proposed system is combining the liquid spring stiffness and the controllable damping characteristics into a single, sustainable device for civil infrastructure application. The proposed system is fail-safe, such that even under power or control system failures optimal damping is retained in the passive mode since the spring action is passive. A one quarter scale device will be designed, built, and characterized in this project.