Three-Dimensional Isolation System for Building Resilience to Earthquake Hazard

建筑隔震体系设置在基础和结构之间，能够减少建筑物的震动，减轻地震中的严重破坏。然而，最近的地震和大规模测试表明，建筑物内部(机械系统、天花板瓷砖等)受到了大量破坏。以及建筑物中的关键设备(医院和电气设备、电信项目等)导致建筑物不能使用，经济损失大。这些对内部的破坏主要是由地震中地面的垂直摇动造成的。该项目将在地震中识别建筑物的垂直振动水平和开发将振动降低到可接受的水平的隔振器方面进行研究。拟议的系统将把用于防止水平震动的传统隔震支座和用于防止垂直震动的新设备叠加在一起。新装置将承重液体弹簧和可控阻尼器组合在一个组件中。这些隔离器将在振动至关重要的其他工程系统中具有使用潜力。研究人员将招募代表性不足的群体参与研究和教育工作。在这个项目中，将通过分析研究来推进基础科学，以了解地震作用下刚体和柔性结构的三维隔震的基本动力学。有效的三维隔震系统的最佳性能将被确定。建议的垂直隔离系统采用坚固耐用的液体弹簧技术，非常适合于支持大负载和在恶劣条件下运行。该系统的创新之处在于将液体弹簧的刚度和可控的阻尼特性结合到一个单一的、可持续的民用基础设施应用装置中。所提出的系统是故障安全的，因此即使在电源或控制系统故障的情况下，由于弹簧动作是被动的，所以在被动模式下仍保持最佳的阻尼。在这个项目中，将设计、建造和表征一个四分之一尺度的装置。

Building isolation systems placed between foundation and the structure are able to reduce shaking of the buildings and mitigate serious damage in earthquakes. However, recent earthquakes and large scale tests have shown that there is a large amount of damage to the interior of buildings (mechanical system, ceiling tiles etc.) and to the critical equipment in buildings (hospital and electrical equipment, telecommunication items etc.) leading to inoperability of buildings and high economic losses. These damages to the interior are primarily caused by vertical shaking of the ground in earthquakes. This project will pursue research in identification of the level of vertical shaking in buildings in earthquake and development of isolator that reduces the shaking to acceptable level. The proposed system will stack traditional isolation bearings for protection from horizontal shaking and new devices for protection from vertical shaking. The new device combines a weight bearing liquid spring and controllable damper into a single package. These isolators will have potential of use in other engineered systems where vibrations are critical. The researchers will recruit participation of underrepresented groups in the research and education efforts.In this project, basic science will be advanced through an analytical study to understand the fundamental dynamics of three-dimensional isolation of rigid bodies and flexible structures, subjected to earthquakes. Optimal properties of an effective three-dimensional isolation system will be determined. The proposed vertical isolation system uses liquid spring technology that is robust, ideal for supporting large loads and operating in harsh conditions. The novelty of the proposed system is combining the liquid spring stiffness and the controllable damping characteristics into a single, sustainable device for civil infrastructure application. The proposed system is fail-safe, such that even under power or control system failures optimal damping is retained in the passive mode since the spring action is passive. A one quarter scale device will be designed, built, and characterized in this project.