Optimierung und Modellierung der geometrischen Gestaltung der Einzugszone bei einem Einschneckenextruder im Hochgeschwindigkeitsbereich

单螺杆塑化领域的新发展特点是不断努力提高工艺的经济效率，同时保证高熔体质量。通常，对于相同大小的机器，这意味着吞吐量的增加。在过去的几十年中，与螺杆直径相关的吞吐量有了显著的增长。槽衬套，更强大的驱动器和优化的螺杆几何形状的使用大大促进了这一发展。但这种方法也有其局限性。在不增加螺杆直径的情况下，可以通过增加螺杆的转速来进一步提高机器的吞吐量。将能量输入从扭矩转换为转速，也可以使用直接的无齿轮驱动，从而避免变速箱损耗。除此之外，挤出机的功率消耗是通过减少与吞吐量相关的热损失表面积来降低的。这种机器体积的减小是另一个显著的好处。进一步的优势来自较小的通道体积，因为它减少了材料的停留时间。这样可以减少材料的降解，加快材料和工作点的变化。然而，高速机器方法受到工艺工程的限制。料斗进料不足、脉冲输出的不均匀进料和过高的熔体温度是必须考虑的一些方面。特别是，由于极短的停留时间，熔化行为也起着重要的作用。到目前为止，大多数关于高螺杆转速的研究工作都集中在半结晶热塑性塑料（特别是聚烯烃，如PE和PP）上。因此，大多数发现都源于这些材料的特定性质。到目前为止，关于非晶热塑性塑料的研究结果很少。由于非晶态热塑性塑料与半结晶型热塑性塑料的结构不同，其在固体输送、熔融和材料降解等方面的加工特性也不同。本研究项目的目的是通过分析在高转速（2100转/分）下加工这些材料时的物理效应，了解加工非晶态热塑性塑料的过程并制定设计规则。为此，将进行实验研究。将检查工艺数据以及产品（薄膜）的机械和光学性能。提取的结果将通过紧密聚焦的模拟方法进行分析，以得出所考虑材料的设计过程的标准。为了验证这些结果，将根据这些标准设计和测试一个优化的螺钉。

New developments in the field of single screw plastification are characterised by continually endeavouring to raise the process' economic efficiency and to simultaneously guarantee a high melt quality. As a rule, this signifies an increase in the throughput for the same size of machine. The screw diameter related throughput has grown significantly in the past decades. Grooved bushes, more powerful drives and the use of optimised screw geometries have substantially contributed to this development. But this approach has come to its limits.A further increase in the throughput of a machine (without increasing the screw diameter) can be obtained by increasing the screw's rotational speed. Shifting the energy input from the torque to the rotational speed also enables direct, gearless drives to be used so that gearbox losses can be avoided. Besides this, the extruder's power consumption is lowered by means of the reduced surface area for throughput-related heat loss. The reduced size of such machines is another significant benefit. Further advantages result from the smaller channel volumes since it reduces the material's residence time. This results in less material degradation and faster changes of the material and the operating point.However, the high-speed machine approach is subject to process engineering limitations. A poor hopper feed-supply of the material, a non-uniform material feed with pulsing output and too high melt temperatures are some of the aspects which must be taken into account. In particular, the melting behaviour also plays an important role owing to the extremely short residence times. Up to now most research work with reference to high screw speeds was focused on semi-crystalline thermoplastics (especially polyolefins like PE and PP). Hence most findings result from the specific properties of these materials.So far only a few results exist for amorphous thermoplastics. Due to a different structure compared to semi-crystalline thermoplastics, the processing characteristics of amorphous thermoplastics concerning solids conveying, melting and material degradation differ.The aim of this research project is to understand the process and develop design rules for processing amorphous thermoplastics by analyzing physical effects during the processing of these materials at high screw speeds (2100rpm). To this experimental investigations will be carried out. Process data will be examined as well as the mechanical and optical properties of the product (film). The extracted results will be analyzed by tightly focused simulative Methods to educe criteria to design process for the considered materials. To verify these results an optimized screw will be designed and tested with these criteria.