An investigation of patterns of deep-sea demersal fish metabolism and feeding rates
深海底层鱼类代谢和摄食率模式的研究
基本信息
- 批准号:0727135
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2007
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The deep sea is the largest habitat on earth. Many studies of deep-sea animals have documented feeding habits and regional and depth related patterns in biomass, abundance, and community composition. Now, the critical need for deep-sea benthic communities is information on metabolic rates. Metabolic rate sets the pace of many processes such as resource utilization, growth, and reproduction which in turn affect many ecological processes. The general absence of this information has been an obstacle to constructing dynamic food webs which then help the oceanographic community to ask better questions about how the deep sea works. Two general hypotheses have been advanced with which to predict the metabolic rates of organisms. The recent, and controversial, Metabolic Theory of Ecology claims to explain the majority of variation in metabolism using temperature and body mass alone. However, studies of many deep-sea pelagic animals groups, show significant declines in metabolic rates with depth that cannot be explained by this model. Another model, the Visual Interactions Hypothesis attempts to explain these declines in metabolic rate as the result of the decrease in the evolutionary selection pressure for sustained locomotory capability, a feature common in most fishes, due to declining light levels and reaction distances between predators and prey. Very little data for deep-sea benthic or demersal animals are available with which to evaluate these models. In fact, very little data is available on the metabolic rates of deep sea fishes or the role that these fish play in energy flow through the deep sea food web. In this project a unique dataset for deep sea fishes will be collected to assess their metabolic rate and see which of the models described above can be used to reasonably estimate their energetic demands. To do this the metabolic rates of fishes from 100-4000 m depth will be measured using novel in situ respirometers and the data will be used to quantify their energetic demands. Demersal fishes are an ideal group to study as many of them are top predators which play a vital role in various marine communities by controlling prey populations and therefore influencing energy flow through the deep sea food web. It is important to gather key energetic information on deep-sea species soon because of expanding human activities in their environment as deep-sea fisheries continue to exploit demersal fishes. Metabolic rates are tied to growth rates and together they are integral to estimating the productivity of fish stocks. By developing information for food-webs this study could also shed light on how these fisheries will affect the ecosystems by removing top predators. The investigators will also be involved the training of undergraduate and graduate students as well as providing teacher-at-sea opportunities to enhance curriculum development for the participants.
深海是地球上最大的栖息地。 对深海动物的许多研究都记录了它们的摄食习惯以及生物量、丰度和群落组成方面的区域和深度模式。现在,深海底栖生物群落的迫切需要是关于新陈代谢率的信息。 代谢率决定了许多过程的速度,如资源利用、生长和繁殖,这些过程反过来又影响许多生态过程。 这种信息的普遍缺乏一直是构建动态食物网的障碍,而动态食物网有助于海洋学界更好地了解深海是如何运作的。 人们提出了两个一般性的假说来预测生物体的代谢率。最近,和有争议的,生态学的代谢理论声称解释代谢的变化,仅使用温度和体重的大部分。 然而,对许多深海中上层动物群体的研究表明,新陈代谢率随着深度的增加而显著下降,这一模式无法解释。 另一个模型,视觉互动假说试图解释这些代谢率下降的结果,在持续的运动能力,在大多数鱼类中常见的功能,由于减少光照水平和捕食者和猎物之间的反应距离的进化选择压力的下降。 可用于评估这些模型的深海底栖动物或底层动物数据非常少。 事实上,关于深海鱼类的代谢率或这些鱼类在深海食物网的能量流动中所起作用的数据很少。 在该项目中,将收集深海鱼类的独特数据集,以评估其代谢率,并查看上述模型中的哪些可以用于合理估计其能量需求。 为此,将使用新型原位呼吸计测量100-4000米深度鱼类的代谢率,并将使用数据来量化其能量需求。 底栖鱼类是一个理想的研究群体,因为它们中的许多是顶级捕食者,通过控制猎物数量,从而影响深海食物网的能量流动,在各种海洋群落中发挥着至关重要的作用。 必须尽快收集关于深海物种的关键能量信息,因为随着深海渔业继续开发底层鱼类,人类在深海物种环境中的活动不断扩大。 代谢率与生长率相关,两者结合在一起,是估算鱼类种群生产力的组成部分。 通过开发食物网的信息,这项研究还可以揭示这些渔业如何通过消除顶级捕食者来影响生态系统。 调查人员还将参与本科生和研究生的培训,并提供海上教师的机会,以加强参与者的课程开发。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Jeffrey Drazen其他文献
Global access and patient safety in the transition to environmentally friendly respiratory inhalers: the Global Initiative for Asthma perspective
向环保型呼吸吸入器过渡过程中的全球获取途径与患者安全:全球哮喘倡议的观点
- DOI:
10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01358-2 - 发表时间:
2023-09-16 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:88.500
- 作者:
Mark L Levy;Eric D Bateman;Keith Allan;Leonard B Bacharier;Matteo Bonini;Louis-Philippe Boulet;Arnaud Bourdin;Chris Brightling;Guy Brusselle;Roland Buhl;Muhwa Jeremiah Chakaya;Alvaro A Cruz;Jeffrey Drazen;Francine M Ducharme;Liesbeth Duijts;Louise Fleming;Hiromasa Inoue;Fanny W S Ko;Jerry A Krishnan;Refiloe Masekela;Arzu Yorgancıoğlu - 通讯作者:
Arzu Yorgancıoğlu
Recurrent Panniculitis in a Man With Asthma Receiving Treatment With Leukotriene-Modifying Agents
- DOI:
10.4065/75.6.643 - 发表时间:
2000-06-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Paul F. Dellaripa;Michael E. Wechsler;Monique E. Roth;Jeffrey Drazen - 通讯作者:
Jeffrey Drazen
Jeffrey Drazen的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Jeffrey Drazen', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Assessing the relative importance of small vs large particles as sources of nutrition to abyssal communities
合作研究:评估小颗粒与大颗粒作为深海群落营养来源的相对重要性
- 批准号:
1829612 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Evaluating the relative importance of suspended and sinking particles to the meso and bathypelagic food web in the central North Pacific
评估悬浮和下沉颗粒对北太平洋中部中层和深海食物网的相对重要性
- 批准号:
1333734 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Controls on Hadal Megafaunal Community Structure: a Systematic Examination of Pressure, Food Supply, and Topography
合作研究:对深渊巨型动物群落结构的控制:对压力、食物供应和地形的系统检查
- 批准号:
1130712 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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