RUI: The Production and Degradation of Acetone in Seawater

RUI：海水中丙酮的产生和降解

• 批准号: 0727614
• 负责人: Warren De Bruyn
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Chapman University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0727614&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Production; Degradation; Acetone; Seawater

Hydroxyl radicals are the most important oxidants in the atmosphere, playing a critical role in atmospheric chemistry. Oxygenated hydrocarbons like acetone are a major source of hydroxyl radicals in the drier upper troposphere. The role of the oceans in cycling acetone into or out of the troposphere is believed to be important but is currently not well established. A better understanding of the production and destruction processes that control acetone concentrations in the sea would ultimately allow scientists to estimate the global air-sea flux of acetone and its impact on tropospheric chemistry. In this project, researchers at Chapman University will study the sea-air flux of acetone by addressing four short-term goals: (1) determining acetone at nanomolar levels in seawater with a method compatible with undergraduate student research capabilities; (2) determining acetone concentrations in surface seawater at coastal sites in Southern California over several diurnal periods in the dry and wet rainy season; (3) estimating the biological and photochemical production rates of acetone in seawater; and (4) estimating the photochemical and biological degradation rates for acetone in seawater. The long term goals are to improve the overall understanding of the processing of acetone in surface seawaters and ultimately the flux of acetone across the air-sea interface. The proposed research builds on the PIs? extensive previous experience in the analysis of trace gases produced in the surface ocean and the photochemistry of CDOM in coastal waters and will use existing analytical facilities in the PIs? laboratories at Chapman. This proposal will have significant broader impacts on the integrated research and educational experience of undergraduate students at Chapman University. Chapman is a small private liberal arts-based university located in a culturally diverse community in Southern California. In addition to providing significant research opportunities to undergraduate students, findings and methods from this study will be incorporated into the curriculum and laboratories of undergraduate courses taught by the PIs in Advanced Topics in Environmental Chemistry: Atmospheric Chemistry, Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry, taken by 10-20 chemistry majors per year.

羟基自由基是大气中最重要的氧化剂，在大气化学中起着至关重要的作用。像丙酮这样的含氧碳氢化合物是较干燥的对流层上部羟基自由基的主要来源。海洋在丙酮循环进出对流层方面的作用被认为是重要的，但目前还没有得到很好的确定。更好地了解控制海洋中丙酮浓度的生产和销毁过程，最终将使科学家能够估计丙酮的全球海气通量及其对对流层化学的影响。在该项目中，查普曼大学的研究人员将通过解决四个短期目标来研究丙酮的海-气通量：（1）用符合本科生研究能力的方法确定海水中纳摩尔水平的丙酮;（2）确定加州南部沿海地点在干湿雨季的几个昼夜周期内表层海水中的丙酮浓度;（3）确定海水中的丙酮浓度。（3）估计海水中丙酮的生物及光化学产生率;及（4）估计海水中丙酮的光化学及生物降解率。长期目标是提高对丙酮在表层海水中的处理以及最终对丙酮在气-海界面上的通量的总体认识。拟议的研究建立在PI的基础上？在分析海洋表层产生的痕量气体和沿海沃茨中CDOM的光化学方面具有丰富的经验，并将利用项目研究所现有的分析设施？查普曼的实验室该提案将对查普曼大学本科生的综合研究和教育经验产生更广泛的影响。查普曼是一所小型的私立文科大学，位于南加州一个文化多元化的社区。除了为本科生提供重要的研究机会外，这项研究的结果和方法还将纳入环境化学高级主题PI教授的本科课程的课程和实验室：大气化学，仪器分析和物理化学，每年由10-20名化学专业学生参加。