RUI: The production and degradation of oxygenated hydrocarbons in seawater

RUI：海水中含氧烃的产生和降解

• 批准号: 1233091
• 负责人: Warren De Bruyn
• 金额: $ 24.97万
• 依托单位: Chapman University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1233091&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; production; degradation; oxygenated; hydrocarbons

Oxygenated hydrocarbons are ubiquitous in the atmosphere with levels ranging from low ppt (acetaldehyde) to low ppb (methanol). They react rapidly with hydroxyl radicals to produce ozone, carbon monoxide, and a variety of other secondary products, and they also contribute to particle formation in the atmosphere. Over the last decade, attempts have been made to inventory sources and analyze atmospheric budgets. Although estimates have improved, significant discrepancies remain. In particular, the role of the oceans as a source or sink for oxygenated hydrocarbons is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in global models. Budget estimates are limited by the very small database of ocean mixed layer measurements and a limited understanding of processes controlling levels in seawater. In this project, faculty and undergraduate students at Chapman University will continue their earlier NSF-sponsored efforts to measure the photochemical and biological production and destruction rates of 4 atmospherically-relevant oxygenated hydrocarbons (acetone, acetaldehyde, methanol and ethanol) in coastal waters. These studies will provide process level data that will better constrain the role of the oceans in cycling these species into or out of the troposphere. Broader Impacts: This project will have significant broader impacts on the research experience of undergraduate students at Chapman University, a private, liberal arts-based university with 4,500 undergraduate students located in a diverse community in Southern California with a strong commitment to undergraduate research in environmental chemistry. The PIs currently supervise the research projects of 5 undergraduates, and anticipate working with 4-6 students in summer research on this project. Students will present their research at national meetings. In addition to providing significant research opportunities to a large group of undergraduate students, findings and methods from this study will be incorporated into undergraduate courses taught by the PIs in Atmospheric, Instrumental and Physical Chemistry, expanding project impacts to a larger audience.

含氧碳氢化合物在大气中普遍存在，其水平从低ppt（乙醛）到低ppb（甲醇）不等。它们与羟基自由基迅速反应，产生臭氧、一氧化碳和各种其他次级产物，它们也有助于大气中颗粒物的形成。 在过去的十年中，已经尝试清查来源和分析大气收支。虽然估计数有所改善，但仍存在重大差异。特别是，海洋作为含氧碳氢化合物的源或汇的作用是全球模型中最大的不确定性来源之一。由于海洋混合层测量数据库非常小，而且对控制海水中浓度的过程了解有限，因此预算估计数受到限制。在这个项目中，查普曼大学的教师和本科生将继续他们早期的NSF赞助的努力，以测量沿海沃茨中4种与大气相关的含氧碳氢化合物（丙酮，乙醛，甲醇和乙醇）的光化学和生物生产和破坏率。这些研究将提供过程级数据，更好地限制海洋在这些物种进出对流层的循环中的作用。更广泛的影响：该项目将对查普曼大学本科生的研究经验产生更广泛的影响，查普曼大学是一所私立的文科大学，拥有4,500名本科生，位于南加州的一个多元化社区，致力于环境化学的本科研究。 PI目前监督5名本科生的研究项目，并预计与4-6名学生在夏季研究这个项目。学生将在全国会议上介绍他们的研究。除了为一大群本科生提供重要的研究机会外，这项研究的结果和方法将被纳入大气，仪器和物理化学专业的PI教授的本科课程中，将项目影响扩大到更大的受众。