PIRE: Origins of High Marine Biodiversity in the Indo-Malay-Philippine Archipelago: Transforming a Biodiversity Hotspot into a Research and Education Hotspot.

PIRE：印度-马来-菲律宾群岛高海洋生物多样性的起源：将生物多样性热点转变为研究和教育热点。

• 批准号: 0730256
• 负责人: Kent Carpenter
• 金额: $ 250万
• 依托单位: Old Dominion University Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0730256&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PIRE; Origins; Marine; Biodiversity; Indo

OISE-0730256 (Carpenter; Old Dominion University Research Foundation)PIRE: Origins of High Marine Biodiversity in the Indo-Malay-Philippine Archipelago: Transforming a Biodiversity Hotspot into a Research and Education HotspotABSTRACTThe Indo-Malay-Philippine Archipelago (IMPA) is a biologically, geologically, economically and cultural dynamic region of the world. It is also the global epicenter of marine biodiversity, yet the evolutionary origins of this diversity remain a mystery because the mechanisms driving speciation in the marine realm are poorly understood. Active research in the IMPA pales to the intensive focus on the Great Barrier Reef and Caribbean because of the bureaucratic, cultural and linguistic challenges that face US scientists conducting research in the IMPA. This PIRE (integrated international research and education) project joins the U.S., Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines in researching the distance over which marine populations are connected by larval dispersal, the magnitude of this exchange, the dynamic physical processes that shape dispersal and the evolutionary consequences of the interplay of larvae and their physical environment. Professor Kent Carpenter in the Biological Sciences Department at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia leads the partnership with two other U.S. institutions: Boston University and Duke University. A number of other U.S. universities will also be participating. The project will train 6 postdocs, 22 graduate students and 16 undergraduate students on the U.S. side over a period of five years. The Indonesian partners are the Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Diponegoro University, the State University of Papua and Udayana University. The Malaysian partners are the University of Sains Malaysia, the Borneo Marine Research Institute and the University of Malaysia. The Philippine partners are the University of the Philippines, the Philippines Bureau of Fisheries and the U.S. Peace Corps in the Philippines. The organization Conservation International is also participating. The resulting international and institutional ties will open new opportunities for exchange among U.S. and IMPA countries.Moving beyond traditional biogeography and phylogeography, this project is advancing the science of speciation in marine environments by integrating spatially explicit geospatial advective predictive models of larval dispersal with multi-locus estimates of gene flow of fish and invertebrate populations across the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia. A broader impact of this project will be to contribute to marine biodiversity conservation and management. Marine environments provide food, pharmaceuticals and a broad array of ecosystem services, but are in decline worldwide. Understanding the processes that generate marine biodiversity is critical to conservation of marine environments. In particular, knowing how ocean currents affect the dispersal of marine larvae is essential to effective design of marine reserve networks and enhanced management of fisheries at the population level. Better understanding of the origins of marine biodiversity in the IMPA will lead to a better understanding of the evolution of biodiversity on the planet and how to safeguard this biodiversity.This project is co-funded with the Division of Oceanography in the Directorate for Geosciences.

OISE-0730256（Carpenter; Old自治领大学研究基金会）PIRE：印度-马来-菲律宾群岛高海洋生物多样性的起源： 将生物多样性热点转变为研究和教育热点摘要印度-马来-菲律宾群岛（IMPA）是世界上生物、地质、经济和文化活跃的地区。它也是全球海洋生物多样性的中心，但这种多样性的进化起源仍然是一个谜，因为人们对海洋领域物种形成的驱动机制知之甚少。 由于在IMPA进行研究的美国科学家面临着官僚、文化和语言方面的挑战，IMPA的积极研究与对大堡礁和加勒比海的密切关注相比显得苍白无力。 这个PIRE（综合国际研究和教育）项目加入了美国，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾，研究了海洋种群通过幼虫扩散而联系在一起的距离、这种交换的规模、形成扩散的动态物理过程以及幼虫与其物理环境相互作用的进化后果。 位于弗吉尼亚州诺福克的老自治领大学生物科学系的肯特卡彭特教授领导了与另外两所美国机构的合作：波士顿大学和杜克大学。 其他一些美国大学也将参加。 该项目将在五年内为美国培养6名博士后，22名研究生和16名本科生。 印度尼西亚的合作伙伴是印度尼西亚科学研究所、Diponegoro大学、巴布亚州立大学和Udayana大学。 马来西亚的合作伙伴是马来西亚萨恩斯大学、婆罗洲海洋研究所和马来西亚大学。 菲律宾的合作伙伴是菲律宾大学、菲律宾渔业局和美国和平队。 保护国际组织也参加了会议。由此产生的国际和机构联系将为美国和IMPA国家之间的交流提供新的机会。该项目超越了传统的海洋地理学和海洋地理学，通过将空间明确的地理空间平流预测模型与菲律宾、马来西亚和印度尼西亚鱼类和无脊椎动物种群基因流的多位点估计相结合，推进海洋环境中物种形成的科学。这一项目的更广泛影响将是促进海洋生物多样性的养护和管理。海洋环境提供食物、药品和一系列广泛的生态系统服务，但在世界范围内正在下降。了解产生海洋生物多样性的过程对养护海洋环境至关重要。特别是，了解洋流如何影响海洋幼虫的扩散，对于有效设计海洋保护区网络和加强种群一级的渔业管理至关重要。 在海洋学和应用数学研究所更好地了解海洋生物多样性的起源，将有助于更好地了解地球上生物多样性的演变以及如何保护这种生物多样性，该项目是与地球科学局海洋学司共同资助的。