Development of a Broadband Optical Seismometer: Phase 2

宽带光学地震仪的开发：第二阶段

• 批准号: 0732418
• 负责人: Mark Zumberge
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0732418&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Broadband; Optical; Seismometer; Phase

A great deal of our knowledge of the Earth's interior comes from seismology: the analysis of elastic waves propagating through the Earth. Seismometers measure these waves, and the science of building more and more sensitive seismometers extends back for many years. Almost all seismometers consist of a mass suspended by a spring. Usually an electronic circuit senses the displacement of the mass (with respect to the seismometer's frame) when a seismic wave produces a local vibration. Under continuing funding from the National Science Foundation, we are developing a new seismometer which uses optics instead of electronics to sense mass motion. New signal-processing electronics allow us to analyze laser light reflected from the seismometer mass and detect displacements as small as a trillionth of a meter. A variety of advantages are afforded from this new technique, including a high dynamic range and wide bandwidth, a calibration based on the wavelength of laser light, a connection to the sensor via fiber optic cables rather than electrical ones, and elimination of electronics in the sensor package. Our research over the next two years will include further noise-reduction efforts and independently monitored tests of our new seismometer at seismic observatories other than our own.

我们对地球内部的大量了解来自地震学：对弹性波在地球中传播的分析。 地震仪测量这些波，建造越来越灵敏的地震仪的科学可以追溯到许多年前。 几乎所有的地震仪都是由弹簧悬挂的质量组成的。 通常，当地震波产生局部振动时，电子电路感测质量的位移（相对于地震仪的框架）。 在国家科学基金会的持续资助下，我们正在开发一种新的地震仪，它使用光学而不是电子来感知质量运动。 新的信号处理电子设备使我们能够分析从地震检波器质量反射的激光，并检测到小至万亿分之一米的位移。 这种新技术具有多种优点，包括高动态范围和宽带宽，基于激光波长的校准，通过光纤电缆而不是电气电缆连接到传感器，以及消除传感器封装中的电子器件。 我们在未来两年的研究将包括进一步的降噪工作，以及在我们自己以外的地震观测站对我们的新地震仪进行独立监测测试。