Continuous and Drift Free Vertical Deformation Measurements at Axial Seamount - Installation of a Self Calibrating Pressure Recorder on the OOI Cabled Array

轴向海山连续无漂移垂直变形测量 - 在 OOI 电缆阵列上安装自校准压力记录仪

• 批准号: 1657797
• 负责人: Mark Zumberge
• 金额: $ 29.29万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1657797&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Continuous; Drift; Free; Vertical; Deformation

Seafloor volcanoes are important dynamic features of our environment both in how they shape the surface of the earth and how they support life at the seafloor. Seafloor volcanoes are not easily accessible, however. The Cabled Array component of the Ocean Observatories Initiative provides the infrastructure and instruments to observe an active volcano offshore Oregon, Axial Volcano. Axial Volcano has erupted in 1998, 2011, and 2015. This project will add a new, continuously operating instrument, the Self-Calibrating Pressure Recorder (SCPR). The SCPR can, unlike conventional instruments, provide a drift free continuous estimate of height changes on the summit of Axial Volcano. The SCPR measurements will aid in understanding the processes occurring within Axial Volcano, and enable forecasts of future eruptions. These measurements are but one component of a larger investigation at Axial Volcano, and directly complements and supports other research efforts. The project supports the training of a Ph.D. student.Our knowledge of seafloor volcanoes is much more limited than our knowledge of continental volcanoes. Axial Volcano in the Northeast Pacific appears to be accelerating in its eruption cycle. Eruptions in 1998, 2011, and 2015 have been observed with sparse geodetic coverage. This coverage is increasing now that the OOI Cabled Array is in operation at Axial Volcano. Uplift rates preceding the two most recent eruptions are much higher than before, indicating an increase in magma supply. This project will install a continuously operating instrument, the Self-Calibrating Pressure Recorder (SCPR) on the OOI Cabled Array. The SCPR can provide drift free pressure measurements (using an internal drift free pressure reference), which in turn can be used as proxies for vertical deformation. The vertical deformation measurements can be used to better constrain models of magma eruption volume and recharge rates. Additionally, the SCPR can serve as a reference station for other geodetic arrays and surveys, including Remotely Operated Vehicle campaign pressure surveys and Autonomous Underwater Vehicle repeat bathymetric mapping. There are many potential applications of this technology to other disciplines, including physical oceanography for detecting decadal scale processes as well as sea level change.

海底火山是我们环境的重要动态特征，无论是在它们如何塑造地球表面，还是在它们如何支持海底生命方面。 然而，海底火山并不容易到达。 海洋观测站举措的电缆阵列部分提供了观测俄勒冈州近海活火山Axial火山的基础设施和仪器。 轴向火山曾在1998年、2011年和2015年爆发过。 该项目将增加一种新的、连续运行的仪器，即自校准压力记录仪（SCPR）。 与传统仪器不同，SCPR可以提供轴向火山山顶高度变化的无漂移连续估计。 SCPR测量将有助于了解轴向火山内发生的过程，并能够预测未来的喷发。 这些测量只是Axial火山更大调查的一个组成部分，并直接补充和支持其他研究工作。该项目支持培养一名博士。我们对海底火山的了解比我们对大陆火山的了解要有限得多。东北太平洋轴向火山的喷发周期似乎在加速。1998年、2011年和2015年的火山爆发都是在稀疏的大地测量覆盖范围内观测到的。 随着OOI电缆阵列在Axial火山的运行，覆盖范围不断扩大。最近两次火山爆发前的上升速率比以前高得多，表明岩浆供应增加。该项目将在OOI电缆阵列上安装一个连续运行的仪器，即自校准压力记录仪（SCPR）。 SCPR可以提供无漂移压力测量（使用内部无漂移压力参考），这反过来又可以用作垂直变形的代理。 垂直形变测量可以用来更好地约束岩浆喷发量和补给速率的模型。 此外，SCPR可以作为其他大地测量阵列和测量的参考站，包括遥控潜水器运动压力测量和自主水下航行器重复测深测绘。 这一技术在其他学科中有许多潜在的应用，包括用于探测十年尺度过程和海平面变化的物理海洋学。