Design of an Integrated Borehole Seismic and Geodetic Sensor

集成钻孔地震和大地测量传感器的设计

• 批准号: 1550283
• 负责人: Mark Zumberge
• 金额: $ 10.04万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1550283&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Design; Integrated; Borehole; Seismic; Geodetic

The understanding of tectonic and earthquake processes depends upon observations of earth motions that span periods from years to fractions of a second and amplitudes from nanometers to meters. Up until now such observations came from a variety of instruments such as seismometers, geodetic-quality GPS receivers, gravimeters, and strain meters. Even as GPS networks are reaching up to nearly seismic frequencies and observatory quality seismometers extend down into the geodetic range, the multiple instruments required are complex and expensive to deploy and operate. This award will fund the concept and design of a combined instrument that will provide much of the relevant information. This instrument concept will meet the stringent requirements of the Global Seismographic Network while providing geodetic measurements with significantly lower noise than GPS. Housed in a simple borehole sonde, the instrument will be inexpensive to construct, install, and operate. If our expectations are met it will become practical to significantly expand the network of geodetic/seismic observations. Locations in which both seismic and geodetic data are relevant to socially-important problems include volcanoes, areas of subsidence, oil fields, and CO2 sequestration The proposed instrument will provide low noise and extremely broadband data in such settings, enhancing the ability to understand such processes as induced seismicity, reservoir dynamics, and pre-eruption behavior.

对构造和地震过程的理解取决于对地球运动的观测，这些运动的周期从几年到几分之一秒，幅度从纳米到米。到目前为止，此类观测来自各种仪器，例如地震仪、大地测量质量 GPS 接收器、重力计和应变计。即使 GPS 网络已达到接近地震的频率，并且天文台质量的地震仪已延伸至大地测量范围，但所需的多种仪器的部署和操作仍然复杂且昂贵。该奖项将资助组合仪器的概念和设计，该组合仪器将提供大量相关信息。该仪器概念将满足全球地震网络的严格要求，同时提供比 GPS 噪声低得多的大地测量。该仪器安装在简单的钻孔探空仪中，其构造、安装和操作成本低廉。如果我们的期望得到满足，那么显着扩展大地测量/地震观测网络将变得切实可行。 地震和大地测量数据与社会重要问题相关的地点包括火山、沉降区、油田和二氧化碳封存。拟议的仪器将在此类环境中提供低噪声和极宽带数据，从而增强理解诱发地震活动、储层动力学和喷发前行为等过程的能力。