Collaborative Research: The Pacific Meridional Mode and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

合作研究：太平洋经向模态和厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）

• 批准号: 0735030
• 负责人: Daniel Vimont
• 金额: $ 26.67万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-15 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0735030&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Pacific; Meridional; Mode

This research is aimed at enhanced understanding of the structure, dynamics, and impacts of the Pacific "meridional mode" (MM), as well as its influence on El-Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) seasonality. Despite explaining less variance than ENSO, the Pacific MM plays an important role in tropical interannual and decadal climate variability: both observational and modeling studies provide compelling evidence that the MM assists in initiating ENSO variability, may strongly influence ENSO seasonality, and contributes to the spatial and temporal structure of tropical ENSO-like decadal variability. Thus, a better understanding of the underlying physical processes that contribute to MM variability in the Pacific, as well as its link with ENSO, is needed. The research addresses three major questions concerning MM variability and its relationship with ENSO: Q1) Can we characterize the detailed structure and dynamics of the Pacific MM, including its link with ENSO, in nature and in the current generation of general circulation models? Q2) How does the mean state and seasonal cycle influence the Pacific MM? What processes contribute to the seasonality of Pacific MM variability and its relationship to ENSO? Q3) What are the dynamical mechanisms that link the Pacific MM to ENSO? How does the seasonality of MM variability affect ENSO's phase locking to the seasonal cycle? The research will include analyses of observational data, and model data from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 4th Assessment Report; the development of a series of linear coupled models that enhance understanding of the dominant physical processes that affect MM variability; and a series of modeling studies using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) coupled with two different ocean models Broader Impacts: The broader impacts of this research include its societal contribution through links with the climate prediction community (through common research interests, individual professional activities by the PIs, and a proposed session at a major meeting), training of two graduate students, the development and testing of tools that will eventually be distributed to the broader scientific community, and by continuing efforts by the PIs to integrate research and education, and to encourage ethnic and gender diversity in their research environments.

这项研究旨在增强对太平洋“子午模式”（MM）的结构，动态和影响的理解，及其对El-Nino-Southern振荡（ENSO）季节性的影响。 尽管解释了比ENSO较少的差异，但太平洋MM在热带年度和衰老的气候变异性中起着重要作用：观察性和建模研究都提供了令人信服的证据，表明MM有助于启动ENSO的变异性，可能会强烈影响ENSO季节性，并影响热带Enso类似远期的远期变异性的空间和时间结构。因此，需要更好地理解有助于太平洋中MM变异性以及与ENSO的联系的潜在物理过程。该研究解决了有关MM变异性及其与ENSO的关系的三个主要问题：Q1）我们可以表征太平洋MM的详细结构和动态，包括其与ENSO的联系，本质上以及当前一代一般循环模型吗？ Q2）平均状态和季节性周期如何影响太平洋MM？哪些过程有助于太平洋MM变异性的季节性及其与ENSO的关系？ Q3）将太平洋MM与ENSO联系起来的动力学机制是什么？ MM变异性的季节性如何影响ENSO的相位锁定到季节周期？该研究将包括对观察数据的分析，以及来自政府间气候变化4th评估报告的模型数据；开发一系列线性耦合模型，以增强对影响MM变异性的主要物理过程的理解； and a series of modeling studies using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) coupled with two different ocean models Broader Impacts: The broader impacts of this research include its societal contribution through links with the climate prediction community (through common research interests, individual professional activities by the PIs, and a proposed session at a major meeting), training of two graduate students, the development and testing of tools that will eventually be distributed to the更广泛的科学界，并通过PIS继续努力整合研究和教育，并在其研究环境中鼓励种族和性别多样性。