Tropical Atmosphere/Ocean Variability in the Boreal Summer and Its Relationship with Atlantic Hurricanes

北半球夏季热带大气/海洋变化及其与大西洋飓风的关系

• 批准号: 0849689
• 负责人: Daniel Vimont
• 金额: $ 58.63万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0849689&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tropical; Atmosphere; Ocean; Variability; Boreal

The Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM) is the leading mode of coupled variability in the Atlantic, and represents a distinct coupled pattern of sea surface temperature and atmospheric fields that emerges through a broad spectrum of external forcing mechanisms. Previous work has shown that the AMM may provide a dynamical explanation for the observed coherence between a number of regional atmospheric and oceanic conditions that are relevant for tropical cyclone formation. This project aims to better understand the cause of AMM variations during boreal summer, with an emphasis on understanding the link between the AMM and tropical cyclone activity. The research will utilize designed experiments using global general circulation models, dynamical analysis of simple coupled models, analysis and interpretation of observational data, and analysis of existing global coupled model simulations of present and future climate. Specifically, this project will address (i) What is the structure of the AMM during boreal summer? (ii) What dynamical processes control the AMM during boreal summer, and the relationship between the AMM and environmental conditions that influence hurricane activity? (iii) What external forcing mechanisms influence the AMM during boreal summer, and what is the relationship between the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and AMM, and (iv) What is the predictability of the AMM, and what processes influence that predictability?Broader impacts of this project include encouraged integration between the disciplines of climate dynamics and tropical cyclone characteristics, training of two graduate students and one post-doctoral researcher, broader dissemination of results in national and international venues, and public availability of real-time data relating to the AMM and to tropical cyclone activity.

大西洋子午模式（AMM）是大西洋耦合变异性的领先模式，代表了海面温度和大气场的独特耦合模式，通过广泛的外部强迫机制出现。 先前的工作表明，AMM可以为观察到的许多区域大气和海洋条件之间的相干性提供动态解释，这与热带气旋形成相关。 该项目旨在更好地了解北方夏季AMM变化的原因，重点是了解AMM与热带气旋活动之间的联系。 该研究将使用全球通用循环模型，简单耦合模型的动态分析，观察数据的分析和解释以及对现有的当前和未来气候的现有全球耦合模型模拟分析的动态分析。具体来说，该项目将解决（i）北方夏季中AMM的结构是什么？ （ii）哪些动态过程控制北方夏季的AMM，以及影响飓风活动的AMM与环境条件之间的关系？ （iii）哪些外部强迫机制会影响北方夏季的AMM，大西洋多年振荡（AMO）和AMM之间的关系是什么，以及（iv）AMM的可预测性是什么，哪些过程会影响该项目的更广泛的影响？该项目的更广泛的影响？该项目的一项更广泛的影响会鼓励培训学生的阶级和Tropialtial的阶级训练，这是两种逐渐训练的阶级训练的阶级，这是两者的阶级阶段性的阶级训练，这是两者的动态性逐渐训练，这是两者的动态性逐渐训练，这是渐变性的阶段性的阶段性的训练。研究人员，更广泛地传播国家和国际场所的结果，以及与AMM和热带气旋活动有关的实时数据的公众可用性。