Research and Technology Partnerships: Quantifying Strategic Relationships

这项研究定义，创建和广泛解释了一个大型的国际数据库的组织间合作协议。该数据库的重点是研究和技术伙伴关系（RTPs），这是所有以创新为基础的战略联盟的一个重要子集，主要侧重于技术知识的产生、交流、调整和利用。（1）对属于区域贸易方案范畴的组织间活动的潜在范围进行了分类（例如，（2）根据投入、产出和结果指标，开发数据收集和数据库形成技术;（3）创建一个美国-建立国家和国际区域贸易计划的基础数据库，专门处理与联盟网络在经济体内各组织和部门之间以及跨经济体的信息流动中的作用有关的政策问题;（4）将数据库与可用于处理信息流动网络的其他现有数据源联系起来;（5）从数据库中确定和验证与可用于政策目的的区域贸易方案有关的科学和工程指标;（6）就与收集区域贸易方案信息有关的可能调查问题向国家科学基金会提供建议。基于网络方法，研究依赖于流行的新闻信息，以及财务披露和共同专利活动，以确定RTP和构建数据库。 用于建立数据库从而便利数据解释的分析技术借鉴了与网络有关的评价方法。 特别重要的是确定与RTP的形成有关的投入，RTP的创新相关产出，以及与这些产出有关的溢出结果。 根据现有的创新过程模型和政策在这一过程中的作用，从数据中制定了一套科学和技术指标，并对这些指标与产业知识基础及其技术复杂性的关系进行了统计调查，以验证数据库的政策相关性，研究的最终产品将通过各种渠道广泛传播。最重要和最持久的一个将是为RTP数据库专门设计的网站，包括访问标准指标菜单和视觉辅助工具的设施，以及下载数据和具体查询的可能性。另一个重要渠道是计划举办的国际专家讲习班，届时将推出数据库，辩论主要分析问题，并讨论今后的步骤。第三个传播渠道是通过教学、博士和硕士论文、在学术和政策论坛上的演讲以及在经济、商业和政策期刊上的出版物。

This study defines, creates and broadly interprets a large international database of inter-organizational collaborative agreements. The database focuses on research and technology partnerships (RTPs), which constitute an important subset of all innovation-based strategic alliances focusing primarily on the generation, exchange, adaptation, and exploitation of technical knowledge.Building upon network analysis to understand RTPs as an element of the innovation system, the study: (1) sets forth a taxonomy of the potential scope of inter-organizational activities that fall under the rubric of RTPs (e.g., formal/informal, equity/non-equity, subsidized/non-subsidized, national/international, horizontal/non-horizontal) and formulate policy-related questions that can be addressed if data were available; (2) develops a data collection and database formation technique based on input, output, and outcome indicators; (3) creates a U.S.-based database of national and international RTPs that is structured specifically for addressing policy questions related to the role of alliance networks in information flows among organizations and sectors in the economy and across economies; (4) links the database to other available data sources that can be utilized to address networks in information flows; (5) defines and validate from the database science and engineering indicators related to RTPs useful for policy purposes; and (6) advises the NSF on possible survey questions relevant for the collection of information on RTPs. Building on network methodology, the study relies on popular press information, as well as on financial disclosures and co-patenting activity, to identify RTPs and to construct the database. The analytical techniques that are used to construct the database, and thus to facilitate interpretation of the data, draw from evaluation methodology as related to networks. Of particular importance is the identification of inputs related to the formation of an RTP, innovation-related outputs from the RTP, and the spillover outcomes associated with those outputs. Based on extant models of the innovation process and the role of policy in that process, a set of science and technology indicators is developed from the data, and the relationship of those indicators to the knowledge base of industries and the complexity of their technologies is investigated statistically to validate the policy relevance of the database.The final products from the study will be widely disseminated through various channels. The most important and long-lasting one will be a specially designed website for the RTP database, including facilities to access a standard menu of indicators and visual aids as well as the possibility for downloading data with specific queries. Another important channel will be the planned international expert workshop where the database will be rolled out, major analytical questions will be debated, and future steps will be discussed. A third channel of dissemination will be through teaching, doctoral and masters dissertations, presentations to academic and policy forums, and publications in economics, business, and policy journals.