Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Woodland Period Interaction: Swift Creek on the Atlantic Coast, AD 200-800.

博士论文改进补助金：林地时期的相互作用：大西洋海岸的斯威夫特溪，公元 200-800 年。

• 批准号: 0744235
• 负责人: Kenneth Sassaman
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0744235&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Woodland

Under the direction of Dr. Kenneth Sassaman, Neill Wallis will investigate patterns of interaction among Woodland period (ca. 3000-1000 BP) populations on the Atlantic coast of Florida and Georgia. Sites in this region provide material evidence of consistent social contact across a variety of distances. The most ubiquitous data come from Swift Creek earthenware vessels, a type of pottery involved in interactions across much of the Eastern Woodlands. Mr. Wallis' analysis of pottery assemblages from 13 sites seeks to understand the frequency, locations, and directions of exchange and other interactions through a combination of technological, functional, and clay source data. Ultimately, this research aims to determine what kinds of interaction Atlantic coastal populations engaged in and how these social connections shaped local social structure and practice. Anthropological research has often emphasized that interaction among populations is central to the development of local societies and cultures. Archaeological investigations of interaction often emphasize the widespread exchange of socially-restricted ritual paraphernalia and prestige goods. The absence of these items, however, often makes it difficult to identify the kinds of interactions that took place and how these connections influenced the lives of local people. A unique opportunity to study interaction comes from Swift Creek complicated stamped pottery that was produced and circulated throughout the lower Southeast (Alabama, Georgia, and Florida) for nearly a millennium (ca. cal AD 100 to 900). Archaeologists have demonstrated that Swift Creek earthenware vessels and the carved wooden paddles used to decorate them were distributed in patterns independent of prestige goods. To determine precisely what type of interaction was responsible for the distribution of Swift Creek pottery on the Atlantic coast, Mr. Wallis will use two complimentary methods to analyze assemblages from both burial mounds and village middens that may each correspond with different forms of interaction. First, Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and petrographic analysis of clay samples and pottery will be used to differentiate between local and foreign-made vessels at sites. Second, technofunctional analysis of pottery at each site will document site-specific trends in the manufacture, use, and deposition of vessels that could be related to exchange and interaction. Taken together, these data will be used to evaluate various models of interaction across the region. This research will contribute to anthropological understanding of the patterns and purposes of interaction among small-scale societies. The research is especially important in documenting heightened levels of exchange and interaction independent of obviously socially restricted items that are a common focus of archaeological study. The project has many broader impacts as well. Mr. Wallis will receive specialized training in Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. Moreover, the research is inter-institutional in nature, drawing on nine institutions for artifact collections and training. The results of analysis will be presented in a poster displayed at each of the lending institutions as well as a companion website. Lastly, important data will be recovered from vulnerable collections excavated during many salvage and private contract archaeology projects.

在肯尼斯·萨萨曼博士的指导下，尼尔·沃利斯将调查佛罗里达州和佐治亚州大西洋沿岸林地时期（约3000-1000年前）种群之间的相互作用模式。该地区的遗址提供了跨越不同距离的一致社会联系的物质证据。最普遍的数据来自斯威夫特溪陶器器皿，这是一种陶器，在东部林地的大部分地区都有互动。沃利斯先生对来自13个地点的陶器组合进行了分析，试图通过技术、功能和粘土来源数据的组合来了解交换和其他相互作用的频率、位置和方向。最终，本研究旨在确定大西洋沿岸人口参与了何种互动，以及这些社会联系如何塑造了当地的社会结构和实践。人类学研究经常强调，人口之间的互动对当地社会和文化的发展至关重要。对互动的考古调查经常强调社会限制的仪式用具和贵重物品的广泛交换。然而，由于缺少这些项目，往往很难确定发生了哪些相互作用，以及这些联系如何影响当地人民的生活。研究相互作用的一个独特机会来自于斯威夫特溪复杂的印花陶器，这种陶器在东南部下游（阿拉巴马州、乔治亚州和佛罗里达州）生产并流传了近一千年（约公元100年至900年）。考古学家已经证明，斯威夫特溪陶器容器和用来装饰它们的雕刻木桨的图案与贵重物品无关。为了准确地确定是哪种交互作用导致了斯威夫特溪陶器在大西洋沿岸的分布，沃利斯将使用两种互补的方法来分析来自墓地和村庄墓地的组合，这两种方法可能分别对应于不同形式的交互作用。首先，将使用仪器中子活化分析（INAA）和粘土样品和陶器的岩石学分析来区分当地和外国制造的容器。其次，对每个地点的陶器进行技术功能分析，将记录与交流和互动有关的容器的制造、使用和沉积的特定地点趋势。综合起来，这些数据将用于评估整个地区的各种相互作用模型。这项研究将有助于从人类学角度理解小规模社会之间相互作用的模式和目的。这项研究尤其重要的是，它记录了高度的交流和互动，而这些交流和互动不依赖于明显受到社会限制的物品，这是考古学研究的共同焦点。该项目还有许多更广泛的影响。沃利斯先生将接受仪器中子活化分析方面的专门培训。此外，这项研究本质上是跨机构的，利用了9个机构的文物收藏和培训。分析结果将在每个贷款机构的海报和配套网站上公布。最后，重要的数据将从许多打捞和私人合同考古项目中挖掘的脆弱收藏品中恢复。