MRI: Development of a Micro-Optical Stress Sensor for Fluid Mechanics Research

建议编号：CTS-0619193-MRIP研究人员：M.Volkan Otugen研究所：纽约理工大学在这项研究中，将为理工大学的多个流体力学研究项目开发一种新型的微型光学壁面剪应力传感器。该微型光学传感器是基于由光纤耦合光激发的介电微珠。这项技术利用了共振频率中依赖于形态的移位，这种移位通常被称为回音廊模式(WGM)。微珠的大小、形状或光学常数的微小变化会导致共振频率(或WGM)的移动。这种变化可能与微珠上的应力有关。该传感器将提供在空间分辨率良好的直接、时间分辨率、高灵敏度、大带宽的壁面剪应力测量。这项研究将开发一种基于介质谐振器的WGMS的微光学壁面剪应力传感器的新概念，它利用了电信领域的最新技术发展。这项工作将展示一种微型光学壁面剪应力传感器的概念，该传感器具有比目前可用的传感器更高的分辨率和动态范围，并可用于水和气体流动。这项工作中将使用的光学现象可用于开发可用于广泛流体动力学应用的新型微型传感器；任何可以直接或间接改变尺寸、形状或光学常数(从而导致WGM漂移)的物理刺激都可以被检测到，其分辨率超过了现有机械传感器所能实现的分辨率。此外，这一概念可以很容易地扩展到分布式微型传感器系统，该系统提供也是时间分辨的空间数据。虽然目前有人建议利用这种光学现象来开发用于流体力学研究项目的壁面剪应力传感器，但许多其他应用也是可能的，包括高分辨率温度传感器。随着通过光纤的宽带通信的增长，微型光学元件的WGMS的使用在使用尺寸为几波长光的组件的电信行业中迅速变得司空见惯。然而，这些部件很少被机械操作来开发新的传感器技术。虽然建议的传感器的主要应用领域是流体力学研究，但建议的活动将产生更广泛的影响：微型光学壁面剪切传感器可以对管道网络的建模、制造行业的过程控制和医疗领域的应用产生重大影响。此外，这项工作的成功完成将为开发范围更广的基于WGM的温度、压力和物种浓度传感器奠定基础。因此，随着这种坚固、可靠的光学传感器的发展，长期回报可能会非常显著。一个跨学科的研究团队将开展这项开发活动。开发工作，连同研究项目，将对理工大学的本科生和研究生教育产生直接影响。这些活动将构成研究生(博士)论文和本科生(荣誉项目)论文的基础。此外，通过理工学院的青年工程与科学(YES)计划，许多来自纽约大都市区的不同背景的高中生将在夏季接受培训。此外，一些本科生和研究生课程将直接受益于仪器开发活动。

AbstractProposal Title: MRI: Development of a Micro-Optical Sheer Stress Sensor for Fluid Mechanic ResearchProposal Number: CTS-0619193-MRIPrincipal Investigator: M. Volkan OtugenInstitution: Polytechnic University of New YorkIn this research, a novel micro-optical wall shear stress sensor will be developed for a number of fluid mechanics research projects at Polytechnic University. The micro-optical sensor is based on dielectric micro-beads that are excited by coupling light from an optical fiber. The technology exploits the morphology-dependent shifts in resonant frequencies that are commonly referred to as the whispering gallery modes (WGM). A minute change in the size, shape or optical constants of the micro-bead causes a shift in the resonant frequency (or the WGM). This shift can be related to the stress on the micro-bead. The sensor will provide direct, time-resolved, high-sensitivity, large bandwidth measurement of wall shear stress that is well resolved in space. The proposed research will develop a new concept for micro-optical wall shear stress sensors that is based on the WGMs of dielectric resonators which exploits recent technological developments in the telecommunications field. The effort will demonstrate a micro-optical wall shear stress sensor concept that has superior resolution and dynamic range than the currently available sensors and that has applications for both water and gas flows. The optical phenomenon that will be used in this effort can be exploited for the development of a new class of micro-sensors that can be used for a wide range of fluid dynamic applications; any physical stimuli that can directly or indirectly change the size, shape or optical constants (thereby causing a shift in the WGM) can be detected with resolution that are beyond what can be realized by the existing mechanical sensors. Further, the concept can be easily extended to a system of distributed micro-sensors providing spatial data that is also time-resolved. Although it is presently proposed to apply this optical phenomenon to develop wall shear stress sensors for use in fluid mechanics research projects, many other applications are possible including high-resolution temperature sensors. With the growth of wide-band communications through optical fibers, the use of WGMs of miniature optical elements are rapidly becoming commonplace in the telecommunication industry where components that are several wavelengths of light in size are used. However, such components are seldom manipulated mechanically to develop new sensor technologies. Although the primary area of application for the proposed sensor is fluid mechanics research, the proposed activity will have a much broader impact: the micro-optical wall shear sensor can have a significant impact on the modeling of pipeline networks, process control in manufacturing industries, and medical field uses. Further, the successful completion of this effort will lay the groundwork for the development of a much broader range of WGM-based sensors for temperature, pressure and species concentration. Therefore, with the development of rugged, reliable optical sensors of this kind, the long-term payoff are likely to be very significant. An interdisciplinary team of researchers will carry out the development activity. The development effort, along with the research projects, will have a direct impact on undergraduate and graduate education at Polytechnic University. These activities will form the basis of graduate student (PhD) dissertations and undergraduate student (Honors Program) theses. Further, through the Youth in Engineering and Science (YES) program at Polytechnic, a number of high-school students with diverse backgrounds from the New York metropolitan area will be trained during the summer months. Additionally, a number of undergraduate and graduate courses will directly benefit from the instrument development activity.