Collaborative Research: Agricultural antibiotics and human health: A multi-scale ecological approach to the development and spread of antibiotic resistance

在动物中使用抗生素与人类中抗生素耐药性传播之间的因果关系涉及复杂的生态过程，包括耐药性的发展、种内和种间传播、动物和人类种群之间的循环，以及促进或抑制这种循环和传播的行为和经济条件。这项研究将着眼于厄瓜多尔北方沿海地区抗生素耐药性传播的生态和演变，在那里，道路建设和森林砍伐导致农村社区小规模家禽养殖的涌入。该研究领域提供了一个独特的机会，以调查环境在家庭，村庄和景观规模的抗生素耐药性演变中的作用，并将利用我们在分子和微生物生态学，流行病学，数学建模和人种学方面的专业知识。畜牧业中抗生素的大量使用是全球抗生素耐药性问题日益严重的主要原因，对动物和人类健康构成威胁。了解抗生素耐药性的出现和传播所涉及的生态过程对于设计有效的干预方案至关重要。该研究小组将包括密歇根大学和基多圣弗朗西斯科大学（USFQ）的研究生。将为社区卫生工作者举办培训和定期卫生教育讲习班，并与厄瓜多尔地方、省和国家各级卫生部雇员分享调查结果。

The causal linkages between the use of antibiotics in animals and the spread of antibiotic resistance in humans involve complex ecological processes, including the development of resistance, within- and between-species spread, circulation amongst animal and human populations, and the behavioral and economic conditions that foster or inhibit this circulation and spread. This study will look at the ecology and evolution of the spread of antibiotic resistance in northern coastal Ecuador, where road-building and deforestation are leading to an influx of small-scale poultry farming in rural communities. The study area offers a unique opportunity to investigate the role of the environment in the evolution of antibiotic resistance at the household, village and landscape scales and will draw on our expertise in molecular and microbial ecology, epidemiology, mathematical modeling, and ethnography. Intensive antibiotic usage in animal husbandry is a major contributor to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance worldwide, posing threats to both animal and human health. Understanding the ecological processes involved in the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance is crucial in designing effective intervention programs. The research team will include graduate students at the University of Michigan and the Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ). There will be training and periodic health education workshops for community health workers, and the sharing of findings with health ministry employees at the local, provincial and national levels in Ecuador.