HCC-Small: Wristwatch Interfaces for Microinteractions

该项目将有助于开发新形式的移动式人机交互，即所谓的“微交互”。在某些情况下，这些短暂的互动几乎是在没有意识的情况下进行的，就像看一眼手表上的时间一样。这种微交互已经是移动计算和通信技术的主要用途：提醒约会、显示来电的呼叫者ID、记下电话号码或URL、预约或接收短电子邮件。然而，很少有设备很好地支持微交互，导致该功能的使用不足，并且几乎没有微交互界面的设计指南。这项研究将增加在这一新兴领域取得实质性进展所需的基础知识和设计原则。研究将调查微交互的障碍，创建微交互界面的设计指南，创建能够实现基于手势的微交互技术的MAGIC(移动动作和手势界面控制)工具包，并生产和研究将研究成果实例化的原型。该项目将专注于将手表作为一个社会接受的、快速访问的互动平台。之前的研究表明，访问时间--检索设备并浏览其界面的时间--是导致“犹豫不决”或决定不使用界面的主要因素。这项研究将量化访问时间对停顿的影响，为典型微交互任务创建适当访问时间的设计指南，并通过量化手表与其他典型设备安装位置(如口袋或皮带)的访问时间，给出最大限度减少停顿的具体建议。具体地说，将考察四种类型的微交互：一瞥、计算机发起的事件、用户发起的事件，以及一种新型的交互方式，即用户对话中的关键短语同时触发移动设备上的动作的双重用途语音。该项目将创建基于手表的手势、触摸屏和语音系统原型，支持每种微交互类型。这项工作将鼓励移动界面研究的新方向。学生对该项目的广泛参与将使他们能够发展广泛的硬件和软件原型制作技能。

This project will contribute to the development of new forms of mobile human-computer interaction that can be called "microinteractions." These are short interactions that, in some cases, are performed almost without conscious thought, comparable to checking the time on a wristwatch by a mere glance. Such microinteractions are already major uses of mobile computing and communication technologies: being reminded of an appointment, displaying the caller ID of an incoming call, noting a phone number or URL, making an appointment, or receiving a short e-mail. Yet few devices support microinteractions well, leading to a lack of use of the functionality, and there exist few design guidelines for microinteraction interfaces. This research will increase the fundamental knowledge and the design principles required to achieve substantial advances in this emerging field.The research will investigate barriers to microinteractions, create design guidelines for microinteraction interfaces, create a MAGIC (Mobile Action and Gesture Interface Control) toolkit that enables gesture-based microinteraction techniques, and produce and study prototypes that instantiate the research results. The project will concentrate on the wristwatch as a socially acceptable, fast-to-access interaction platform. Previous work suggests that access time - the time to retrieve a device and navigate through its interface - is a major contributor to "balking," or deciding not to use an interface. The research will quantify the effects of access time on balking, create design guidelines on appropriate access times for typical microinteraction tasks, and give concrete suggestions for minimizing balking by quantifying access times for the wristwatch as compared to other typical device mounting locations such as the pocket or belt. Specifically, four types of microinteractions will be examined: glances, computer-initiated events, user-initiated events, and a new style of interaction, "dual purpose speech," where key phrases in the user's conversation simultaneously trigger actions on the mobile device. The project will create wristwatch-based gesture, touchscreen, and speech system prototypes that support each of the microinteraction types. This work will encourage new directions in mobile interface research. The extensive involvement of students in the project will allow them to develop a wide range of hardware and software prototyping skills.