US GLOBEC Pan-Regional Synthesis--Comparative Ecology of Krill in Coastal and Oceanic Waters around the Pacific Rim

美国GLOBEC泛区域综合--环太平洋沿岸和海洋磷虾生态学比较

• 批准号: 0816358
• 负责人: Harold Batchelder
• 金额: $ 55.26万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0816358&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; GLOBEC; Pan; Regional; Synthesis

This project will synthesize the knowledge of North Pacific krill through modeling and comparative studies, across U.S. GLOBEC, Japan-GLOBEC, China-GLOBEC and related study regions, with the goal of understanding climate impacts on euphausiids in the North Pacific. The project will address the following research themes: 1) Identify the processes controlling the population dynamics and recruitment of krill as a function of ecosystem type and ascertain how these processes would be affected by climate change, to be accomplished through comparing and contrasting population responses from a number of different ecosystems, and; 2) Determine the response of krill populations at local and regional scales to basin- and global-scale change in climate forcing. Intellectual Merit: Krill research funded by GLOBEC since 1998, and other research conducted by biological oceanographers in the U.S. and other nations bordering the North Pacific (China, Korea, Japan, Russia, Canada), have produced new information on the phenology, seasonal cycles of abundance, feeding, reproduction, and growth rates of North Pacific krill. This knowledge will be summarized into a series of multi-authored synthesis papers that focus on comparative life history of krill, how local populations interact with local ocean conditions, and how climate impacts these processes. This project will address questions such as: 1)What are the seasonal variations in distribution, abundance, growth rates and egg production in krill populations, and how do they vary regionally around the Pacific Rim? 2) Are growth rates and brood sizes related to seasonal cycles of primary production? 3) How do populations in the eastern and western Pacific respond to ENSO and PDO cycles? 4) How are individuals of the same species (Euphausia pacifica) adapted to survive year-around in the very warm water regions of the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and Japan/East Sea; what mechanisms enable individuals to survive the long winters in northern regions, e.g., the Gulf of Alaska, Sea of Okhotsk and northern California Current? 5) What interactions between physical transport and life-stage dependent dynamics control the local scale distributions of krill and are similar interactions important at regional and basin-scales? All krill research carried out within the U.S. GLOBEC study regions (California Current and Gulf of Alaska) will be summarized, as will research carried out by our overseas collaborators. Metadata summaries will be produced. Krill experts from each nation will produce local "State of our Krill Knowledge" reports. Using these reports, joint multi-authored monographs and collaborative papers on krill ecology will be written. Furthermore, two international symposia on krill ecology will be convened. Broader Impacts: This synthesis project will support one graduate student and involve three young scientists in China and Japan. Furthermore, krill are harvested in Japan and Canada, and pressure will soon mount to allow harvest elsewhere. Results of this synthesis will contribute to an assessment of krill resources and vulnerability in coastal ecosystems around the Pacific Rim. A tangible product of this research is a monograph of the population ecology, life history strategies, and interactions of krill with their environment in multiple regions of the North Pacific.

该项目将通过模拟和比较研究来综合北太平洋磷虾的知识，覆盖美国、日本、中国和相关研究区域，目的是了解气候对北太平洋真虾类的影响。该项目将涉及以下研究主题：1)确定控制磷虾种群动态和磷虾补充的过程，作为生态系统类型的函数，并确定这些过程将如何受到气候变化的影响，这将通过比较和对比若干不同生态系统的种群反应来实现；2)确定地方和区域尺度上的磷虾种群对流域和全球尺度气候强迫变化的反应。学术价值：自1998年以来由全球海洋生物研究中心资助的磷虾研究，以及美国和其他北太平洋沿岸国家(中国、韩国、日本、俄罗斯、加拿大)的生物海洋学家进行的其他研究，产生了关于北太平洋磷虾物候、季节丰度周期、摄食、繁殖和增长率的新信息。这些知识将被总结成一系列多人撰写的综合论文，重点是磷虾的比较生活史，当地人口如何与当地海洋条件相互作用，以及气候如何影响这些过程。这个项目将解决如下问题：1)磷虾种群在分布、丰度、生长速度和产卵量方面的季节变化，以及它们在环太平洋地区的区域变化？2)增长率和孵化大小与初级生产的季节周期有关？3)东太平洋和西太平洋的种群如何响应ENSO和PDO周期？4)同一物种(太平洋真虾)的个体如何适应在黄海、东中国海和日本/东海的温暖水域常年生存；哪些机制使个体能够在北部地区，如阿拉斯加湾、鄂霍次克海和加利福尼亚州北部洋流中存活下来？5)物理运输和依赖于生命阶段的动力学之间的相互作用控制着磷虾的局部尺度分布，类似的相互作用在区域和盆地尺度上是否重要？我们将总结在美国GLOBEC研究区域(加州海流和阿拉斯加湾)内进行的所有磷虾研究，以及我们海外合作者进行的研究。将制作元数据摘要。来自每个国家的磷虾专家将制作当地的《我们的磷虾知识状况》报告。利用这些报告，将撰写关于磷虾生态的联合多作者专著和合作论文。此外，还将召开两个关于磷虾生态的国际研讨会。更广泛的影响：这个合成项目将支持一名研究生，并涉及中国和日本的三名年轻科学家。此外，日本和加拿大正在收割磷虾，允许在其他地方收割的压力很快就会增加。这一综合的结果将有助于评估环太平洋沿岸生态系统的磷虾资源和脆弱性。这项研究的一个具体成果是一本关于北太平洋多个地区磷虾的种群生态、生活史策略以及磷虾与其环境的相互作用的专著。