Long-term Record of Hurricane Landfalls in Southwest Louisiana: A New Approach to Paleotempestology.

路易斯安那州西南部飓风登陆的长期记录：古风暴学的新方法。

• 批准号: 0818073
• 负责人: Harry Williams
• 金额: $ 6.95万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0818073&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; term; Record; Hurricane; Landfalls

This project will identify and date hurricane storm surge deposits in far southwest Louisiana's Chenier Plain. In the study area, approximately twenty beach ridges, or cheniers, separated by marshland, record about 5 km of progradation of this coastal plain over the last 2100 years. The aim of the project is to examine these deposits to establish a record of hurricane landfalls during this time interval. This will greatly extend the long-term record of hurricanes beyond the ca. 150-year historical record. Long-term hurricane records are required to improve hurricane risk assessment and to explore linkages between millennial-scale climatic variability and hurricane frequency. A series of trench and core transects will be used to examine stratigraphy, sedimentology and microfossil content of coastal plain sediments. These will be used to identify storm surge sand layers by comparison to sediments deposited in the study area by Hurricane Rita in 2005. A chronology of identified storm surge deposits will be established by radiocarbon dating of organic material collected from soils immediately underlying storm surge layers. The study will contribute a new approach to the emerging field of paleotempestology, because research in this field has focused mainly on coastal lakes and back-barrier tidal marshes and has not yet included the use of chenier plains in reconstructing hurricane history. The devastating impacts of hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005 underscore the need for more long-term hurricane records to improve hurricane risk assessment and to explore linkages between long-term climatic variability and hurricane frequency. This project will identify and date hurricane storm surge deposits in far southwest Louisiana's Chenier Plain. The aim of the project is to derive a 2100-year record of hurricane strikes that will greatly extend our knowledge of hurricane frequency beyond the current historical record. This is a topic of significance to the people who live along the Gulf Coast. In order to make the benefits of the project accessible, a display and educational module on hurricanes for the UNiversity of North Texas Eagle Exhibit Hall and Elm Fork Education Center will be developed. In addition, the study results will be used to develop an instructional module for the University of North Texas' program for future middle and high school math and science teachers.

该项目将确定和日期的飓风风暴潮沉积物远西南路易斯安那州的切尼尔平原。在研究区域，大约有20个海滩脊，或贝壳堤，沼泽地分开，记录约5公里的海蚀的沿海平原在过去的2100年。该项目的目的是检查这些沉积物，以建立这段时间内飓风登陆的记录。这将极大地延长飓风的长期记录超过ca。150-年历史纪录。需要有长期的飓风记录，以改进飓风风险评估，并探讨千年气候变化与飓风频率之间的联系。将使用一系列海沟和岩心断面来研究沿海平原沉积物的地层学、沉积学和微体化石含量。这些将用于通过与2005年飓风丽塔在研究区域沉积的沉积物进行比较来确定风暴潮砂层。将通过对从风暴潮层下土壤中收集的有机物质进行放射性碳测年，确定已确定的风暴潮沉积物的年代。这项研究将为新兴的古风暴学领域提供一种新的方法，因为这一领域的研究主要集中在沿海湖泊和屏障后的潮汐沼泽地，尚未包括使用贝壳滩平原重建飓风历史。 2005年卡特里娜飓风和丽塔飓风造成的破坏性影响突出表明，需要更多的长期飓风记录，以改进飓风风险评估，并探讨长期气候变化与飓风频率之间的联系。该项目将确定和日期的飓风风暴潮沉积物远西南路易斯安那州的切尼尔平原。该项目的目的是获得2100年的飓风袭击记录，这将大大扩展我们对飓风频率的了解，超越目前的历史记录。这对生活在墨西哥湾沿岸沿着的人们来说是一个重要的话题。为了使该项目的好处，北得克萨斯大学鹰展览厅和榆树叉教育中心将开发一个关于飓风的展示和教育模块。此外，研究结果将用于为北德克萨斯大学未来的初中和高中数学和科学教师开发一个教学模块。