MRI: Development of Instrumentation for an Autonomous Underwater Sensor Network System

提案#：CNS 08-21597PI(S)：崔俊宏(6月)Babb，依瓦尔·G；施志杰；Torgersen，Thomas；周，胜利机构：康涅狄格大学斯托尔斯分校，CT 06269-1133标题：磁共振成像/开发：开发自主式水下传感器网络系统仪器项目建议：该项目为可扩展的自主水下传感器网络(UWSN)系统开发仪器，有助于更好的传感和监视技术，以获得更好的数据，以了解海洋的空间和时间复杂性。该仪器包括开发高数据速率声学调制解调器(Aqua调制解调器)、高能效集成水下节点(Aqua-Motes)和试验性水下传感器网络(实验室和现场)试验台。Aqua-Motes引领了新一代声学调制解调器设计，支持两个特点：-高数据速率和强大的数据传输以及-先进的联网功能。Aqua-Motes将成为第一代“真正的”集成水下传感器节点，类似于用于陆地传感器网络的Berkeley Motes。这两种类型的Aqua-Motes将采用不同的处理器，以便于适应广泛的应用。带有Aqua调制解调器和Aqua-Motes的实验室和现场试验台将用于测试为UWSN设计的各种算法和协议。UWSN是一种新颖的网络，与任何地面传感器网络都有很大的不同。由于高电磁吸收系数，无线电在水中不能很好地工作。取而代之的是，通常使用声音通信。水声通信具有低带宽、长传播时延、高误码率等特点，现有的陆地无线传感器网络技术无法应用，给水声调制解调器和网络设计者带来了巨大的挑战。需要在协议套件的每个级别进行新的研究和新的实验仪器来实施、测试和比较设计备选方案和潜在的解决方案。这一仪器使后者能够解决人们对观察海洋过程演变的持续和日益增长的兴趣。越来越有必要监测海洋环境，以进行商业勘探、海岸线保护和跟踪过程，这些都是造成观察到的复杂性的因素。通过在三维水下空间部署分布式和可扩展的传感器网络，每个水下传感器可以在当地监测和检测环境参数和事件。在动态海洋系统中，当水团在环境中平流和扩散时，过程发生在水团中。因此，带有被动移动传感器(带有水流)的朗朗日观测系统能够在适当的时间和空间尺度上对海洋过程进行现场观测。拉格朗日传感器的自组织网络还为传感、监测、监视、调度、水下控制和容错提供了更好的支持。因此，UWSN将提供这种支持。广泛影响：该项目推动UWSN面临的多个问题取得进展，从而在广泛的应用中找到实用的解决方案。此外，它还在多个方面影响教育：支持研究生的高级研究和本科生暑期实习生(包括社区大学生参加向服务不足的少数族裔推广STEM学科的计划)，以及聚集来自不同学科(如海洋科学、传感器、低能源和网络)的研究人员，相互学习，跨部门和校园协作。

Proposal #: CNS 08-21597PI(s): Cui, Jun-Hong (June) Babb, Ivar G.; Shi, Zhijie; Torgersen, Thomas; Zhou, ShengliInstitution: University of Connecticut Storrs, CT 06269-1133Title: MRI/Dev.: Dev. of Instrumentation for an Autonomous Underwater Sensor Network SystemProject Proposed:This project, developing instrumentation for a scalable autonomous underwater sensor network (UWSN) system, contributes better sensing and surveillance technology to acquire better data to understand the spatial and temporal complexities of the oceans. The instrumentation includes the development of high data rate acoustic modems (Aqua-Modems), energy efficient integrated underwater nodes (Aqua-Motes), and experimental underwater sensor network (lab and field) testbeds. The Aqua-Modems lead the new generation of acoustic modem design supporting two features: - High data rate and robust data transmission and - Advanced networking functionalities.The aqua-Motes will be the first generation of 'true' integrated underwater sensor nodes, similar to Berkeley Motes for terrestrial sensor networks. The two types of Aqua-Motes will be constructed with different processors for easy adaptation to a wide range of applications. The lab and field testbeds with Aqua-Modems and Aqua-Motes will be used to test various algorithms and protocols designed for UWSNs. UWSNs are novel and significantly different from any terrestrial sensor network. Due to the high coefficient of electromagnetic absorption, radio does not work well in water. Instead, acoustic communication is usually employed. The unique characteristics of acoustic underwater communication, such as low bandwidth, long propagation delay, and high error rate, pose grand challenges to underwater acoustic modem and network designers as existing terrestrial wireless sensor network techniques cannot be applied. New research at every level of the protocol suite and new experimental instrumentation are needed to implement, test, and compare design alternatives and potential solutions. This instrument enables the latter to address the continuing and growing interest in observing oceanic processes as they evolve. There is an increasing need to monitor the marine environment for commercial exploration, coastline protection, and tracking processes that contribute to the observed complexity. By deploying distributed and scalable sensor networks in a 3-dimensional underwater space, each underwater sensor can monitor and detect environmental parameters and events locally. Processes occur within the water mass as it advects and disperses within the environment in the dynamic ocean system. Therefore a langrangian observation system with passively mobile sensors (with water currents) allows observation of oceanic processes in situ on appropriate time and space scales. A self-organizing network of lagrangian sensors also provides better support for sensing, monitoring, surveillance, scheduling, underwater control, and fault tolerance. Thus, the UWSN will provide this support.Broader Impacts: This project promotes progress on the multiple issues facing UWSNs towards practical solutions in a wide range of applications. Furthermore, it impacts education in several fronts: supporting graduate students in their advanced research and undergraduates summer interns (including community college students participating in programs that promote STEM disciplines to underserved minorities) and bringing together investigators from different disciplines (e.g., ocean science, sensors, low energy, and networking) to learn from each other and collaborate across departments and campuses.