Collaborative Research: Geoengineering Extreme Events Reconnaissance (GEER) Association : Turning Disaster Into Knowledge

合作研究：地球工程极端事件侦察（GEER）协会：将灾难转化为知识

• 批准号: 0825507
• 负责人: David Frost
• 金额: $ 5.72万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-01 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0825507&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Geoengineering; Extreme; Events

Documenting and learning from observations following extreme events are invaluable to advancing the state-of-the-art and the state-of-the-practice in multi-hazards engineering. Recorded observations serve as benchmarks to our understanding of the effects of these events, their underlying causative mechanisms, and for validation of design procedures. Capturing these observations is critical to advancing the profession. Currently, the Geo-Engineering Earthquake Reconnaissance Association performs post-earthquake reconnaissance. Having succeeded in developing innovative techniques for post-earthquake reconnaissance, the association is broadening its scope to include other natural and human-made disasters. This broadening of its mission is reflected in its new name: Geo-engineering Extreme Events Reconnaissance (GEER). While post-earthquake reconnaissance continues to be a central mission, we recognize that GEER members have already participated effectively in reconnaissance efforts that document geotechnical effects of other extreme events (e.g., World Trade Center Towers collapse and Hurricanes Katrina and Rita). GEER is well positioned to provide leadership in developing innovative technologies and protocols for performing reconnaissance of the damaging effects from other natural and human-made disasters. Much of the data and information generated by extreme events is perishable and therefore must be collected within a few days or weeks of the event. There continues to be a real need for assembling strategic geo-engineering survey teams with NSF support. Many of the innovative techniques employed in recent reconnaissance efforts, such as use of digital cameras, GPS devices, PDAs, remote sensing, and digital mapping, were developed by GEER members. GEER's ability to rapidly assemble experienced and new geo-engineers is unmatchable. However, these efforts are being improved through better coordination prior to the next event, through continued development of technologies, and training of young professionals. By joining with other professions who have also developed effective procedures, and sharing the results of this research with other communities, the future detrimental effects of extreme events will be minimized. This award provides funds for continuation of GEER management and reconnaissance activities under the new expanded scope of providing quick response investigations of major geo-engineering-related disasters. It is expected that an average of one or two investigations of moderate sized events would be conducted per year. In the event of a major disaster, a small quick response team would be dispatched to determine the magnitude of the needed response so that a request for additional funds could be quickly submitted.

记录极端事件后的观察结果并从中学习对于推进多灾害工程的最新技术和实践非常宝贵。记录的观察结果可以作为我们理解这些事件的影响、其潜在致病机制以及验证设计程序的基准。捕捉这些观察结果对于推动职业发展至关重要。目前，地质工程地震勘察协会正在开展震后勘察工作。在成功开发震后侦察的创新技术后，该协会正在扩大其范围，以涵盖其他自然和人为灾害。其使命的扩大反映在其新名称中：地球工程极端事件侦察（GEER）。虽然震后勘察仍然是一项核心任务，但我们认识到 GEER 成员已经有效参与了勘察工作，记录了其他极端事件（例如世贸中心塔楼倒塌以及卡特里娜和丽塔飓风）的岩土工程影响。 GEER 处于有利地位，可以在开发创新技术和协议方面发挥领导作用，以对其他自然和人为灾害的破坏性影响进行侦察。极端事件产生的大部分数据和信息都是易腐烂的，因此必须在事件发生后的几天或几周内收集。在国家科学基金会的支持下仍然确实需要组建战略地球工程调查团队。最近侦察工作中采用的许多创新技术，例如数码相机、GPS 设备、PDA、遥感和数字测绘的使用，都是由 GEER 成员开发的。 GEER 快速召集经验丰富和新的地球工程师的能力是无与伦比的。然而，这些努力正在通过在下一次活动之前更好的协调、通过技术的持续开发和年轻专业人员的培训而得到改善。通过与其他也制定了有效程序的专业人士合作，并与其他社区分享这项研究的结果，极端事件未来的不利影响将降至最低。该奖项为在新扩大的重大地球工程相关灾害快速响应调查范围内继续开展 GEER 管理和勘察活动提供资金。预计每年平均对中等规模的事件进行一到两次调查。如果发生重大灾难，将派遣一个小型快速响应小组来确定所需响应的规模，以便可以快速提交额外资金的请求。