Doctoral Dissertation Research: Immigrant Family Detention: The Family, Law, Security, and Space in U.S. Immigration Policy and Practice

博士论文研究：移民家庭拘留：美国移民政策和实践中的家庭、法律、安全和空间

• 批准号: 0825843
• 负责人: Anna Secor
• 金额: $ 0.95万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2010-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0825843&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Immigrant; Family

In 2006, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) announced the expansion of family detention as part of its Secure Border Initiative. Since then, immigrant and asylum-seeking families have been detained at two facilities: the Berks County Family Care Shelter in Leesport, Pennsylvania and the T. Don Hutto Family Residential Facility in Taylor, Texas. While immigration research has examined labor markets, policy, individual and collective identities, and citizenship practices, these studies have not analyzed the role of immigration enforcement practices in the immigration process. Seeking to fill this gap, this research examines how the spatial strategies of family detention are central to justifications for the policy and its legal contestation. Family detention combines spatial strategies by (1) segregating migrant families from the population; (2) differentiating between detainable and non-detainable migrants; (3) regulating the temporal and spatial location of migrants' inside Berks and Hutto. To understand how these spatial strategies overlap with discourses of the family, security, and space, the research asks: (1) What do the different ways of using space in family detention practice and its legal contestation reveal about the relationship between space, the family, the child, and the migrant as political categories? (2) How do family detention policy and its public contestation reproduce and circulate spatialized conceptions of the family and the child? (3) What does the administration and regulation of family detention reveal about new connections between security and immigration enforcement practices? Using a multi-method approach, the research combines archival data on immigration enforcement policy towards families and semi-structured interviews with key policy makers, legal experts, advocates, and former detainees. The study examines the operation of the only two existing family detention facilities, Hutto and Berks, providing comprehensive and comparative data on family detention practices. Combining quantitative content analysis with qualitative interpretive analysis, the research analyzes how the spatial strategies and discourses of family detention rely upon localized applications of immigration law and policy at detention center sites. The research contributes an empirical analysis of an understudied geographical phenomenon: the detention of migrant families. Recent legislation specifically names the T. Don Hutto facility as its model for a new family detention center, yet a single study of family detention exists from which to evaluate family detention policy (Women's Commission 2007). In geography, immigration research has analyzed how transnational labor markets, policy, and individual and collective identities have changed as a result of mobility. These studies do not, however, examine the impact of immigration enforcement policy and practice on these processes, nor what happens to migrants between arrest and deportation. Linking the spatial strategies of family detention practice to the circulation of legal and political discourses of the family, the child, the migrant, and security, this analysis will reveal how homeland security concerns have encouraged the expansion of detention and deportation practices to new populations. Thus, the research will contribute an analysis of how spatialized configurations of the family can change policy, contributing a political geographic conceptualization of family detention to multidisciplinary research on security, migration, and kinship. Distributed to governmental and non-governmental immigration policy-makers and published in academic journals, the results of this research will provide new information and analysis about the legal, political, and material implications of family detention.

2006年，美国移民和海关执法局宣布扩大家庭拘留，作为其安全边境倡议的一部分。从那时起，移民和寻求庇护的家庭被拘留在两个设施：伯克斯县家庭护理庇护所在利斯波特，宾夕法尼亚州和T。Don Hutto Family Residential Facility位于德克萨斯州泰勒市。 虽然移民研究考察了劳动力市场，政策，个人和集体身份，以及公民身份的做法，这些研究没有分析移民执法实践在移民过程中的作用。 为了填补这一空白，本研究探讨了家庭拘留的空间策略是如何为政策及其法律的地位辩护的。家庭拘留结合了空间战略，具体做法是：（1）将移民家庭与人口隔离;（2）区分被驱逐和非被驱逐的移民;（3）调整移民在Berks和Hutto的时间和空间位置。 为了理解这些空间策略如何与家庭、安全和空间的话语重叠，本研究提出了以下问题：（1）家庭拘留实践中使用空间的不同方式及其法律的地位揭示了空间、家庭、儿童和移民作为政治范畴之间的关系。(2)家庭拘留政策及其公共宣传站如何再现和传播家庭和儿童的空间化概念？(3)家庭拘留的管理和规范揭示了安全与移民执法做法之间的哪些新联系？使用多方法的方法，研究结合了档案数据对家庭和半结构化的采访，主要政策制定者，法律的专家，倡导者和前被拘留者的移民执法政策。 研究报告审查了仅有的两个家庭拘留设施-Hutto和Berks-的运作情况，提供了关于家庭拘留做法的全面和可比较的数据。结合定量内容分析和定性解释分析，本研究分析了家庭拘留的空间策略和话语如何依赖于移民法律和政策在拘留中心的本地化应用。 这项研究有助于对一个研究不足的地理现象：拘留移民家庭进行实证分析。最近的立法特别命名的T。Don Hutto设施作为其新的家庭拘留中心的模式，但只有一项关于家庭拘留的研究可用于评估家庭拘留政策（妇女委员会，2007年）。 在地理学方面，移民研究分析了跨国劳动力市场，政策以及个人和集体身份如何因流动而发生变化。然而，这些研究没有审查移民执法政策和做法对这些过程的影响，也没有审查移民在被捕和驱逐出境之间发生了什么。将家庭拘留做法的空间战略与家庭、儿童、移民和安全的法律的和政治话语的流通联系起来，这一分析将揭示国土安全问题如何鼓励将拘留和驱逐做法扩大到新的人口。因此，这项研究将有助于分析家庭的空间化配置如何改变政策，有助于家庭拘留的政治地理概念化，对安全，移民和亲属关系的多学科研究。这项研究的结果将分发给政府和非政府移民政策制定者，并发表在学术期刊上，它将提供有关家庭拘留的法律的、政治和物质影响的新信息和分析。