Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Power Relations and Urban Landscape Formation: A Study of Construction Labor and Resources in Teotihuacan, Mexico

在芭芭拉·斯塔克博士和乔治·考吉尔博士的指导下，村上达也将为他的博士论文收集数据。他将把他的研究重点放在特奥蒂瓦坎考古遗址上，以确定政治和经济权力在居民中是如何不同地分配的，以及这种权力是如何随着时间的推移而变化的。特奥蒂瓦坎位于墨西哥山谷，是新大陆最大、最令人印象深刻的史前遗迹之一。不朽的建筑--太阳和月亮的金字塔--证明了这个早期国家有能力利用和维持大量的劳动力供应，考古学家估计，在鼎盛时期，人口达到了10万人或更多。特奥蒂瓦坎将其力量投射到一大片腹地，其影响远至建立贸易关系的玛雅低地。村上春树希望了解这个国家得以发展和繁荣的动力，并且为了实现这一目标，他提议研究权力是如何在精英尺子和普通民众之间分配的。考古证据表明，后者随着时间的推移而产生了影响。这项研究旨在检查该遗址中央礼仪部分的建设投入的相对工作量，据推测，该部分由精英统治阶级占据，邻近的住宅区由其他群体居住。建筑劳动力支出的定量评估将基于复制实验、人种学观察和公布的建筑成本衡量标准。中央辖区内建筑物的总人工成本和人均人工成本将分别作为国家权力的程度和程度的代表。为了进行质量分析，将对切割的石块(用于墙面和楼梯)和石灰灰泥(覆盖地板和墙壁)进行分析，因为这两种材料都是非本地材料，生产需要相对较高的劳动力投入。这项研究不仅将为了解一个标志性的考古遗址提供新的视角，也将为考古分析提供一个新的有用的工具。该项目还将进一步促进一位有前途的年轻科学家的智力和学术发展。

Under the direction of Drs. Barbara Stark and George Cowgill, Mr Tatsuya Murakami will collect data for his doctoral thesis. He will focus his research on the archaeological site of Teotihuacan to determine how political and economic power was differentially distributed among the inhabitants and how this changed over time. Teotihuacan which is located in the Valley of Mexico, is one of the largest and most impressive prehistoric sites in the New World. Monumental architecture - the Pyramids of the Sun and the Moon - provide evidence of this early state's ability to harness and maintain a large supply of labor and at its height archaeologists estimate that population reached 100,000 or more individuals. Teotihuacan projected its power over a large hinterland and its effects were felt as far as the Mayan lowlands where trade relations were established. Mr. Murakami wishes to understand the dynamics which allowed this state to develop and flourish and to accomplish this he proposes to study how power was distributed between elite rulers and the broader populace. Archaeological evidence suggests that the latter gained influence over time. The research is designed to examine the relative amount of effort devoted to construction within the central ceremonial portion of the site which, it is assumed, was occupied by the elite ruling class and the adjacent residential precincts which were inhabited by other groups. Quantitative assessment of labor expenditure for construction will be based on replicative experiments, ethnographic observation and published measures of construction costs. The total and per capita labor costs for structures within the central precinct will be used as proxy for the extent and degree of state power respectively. For quality analysis, cut stone blocks (used for facing walls and stairways) and lime plaster (coverfing floors and walls) will be analyzed since both are non-local materials and require relatively high labor inputs for manufacture. The research will not only provide new insight into an iconic archaeological site but also provide a new and useful tool for archaeological analysis. The project will also further the intellectual and academic development of a promising young scientist.