Collaborative Research: Antarctic Climate Reconstruction Utilizing the US ITASE Ice Core Array (2009- 2012)

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)提供资金的。该奖项支持一个重建南极洲过去物理和化学气候的项目，重点是罗斯湾周围地区，使用美国ITASE以及澳大利亚、巴西、智利和新西兰ITASE团队在该地区收集的60个冰芯。冰芯记录每年都会被分解，并特别准确地确定年代，并将通过对稳定同位素、主要可溶离子和某些微量元素的分析，为过去的温度、降水、大气环流、大气化学、海冰范围和火山活动提供仪器校准的替代物。这些记录将被用来了解太阳、火山和人类强迫对南极气候的作用，并在更广泛的南半球和全球气候变异性的背景下调查最近南极上空气候突然变化的特征。该项目的学术价值在于，ITASE产生了一系列冰芯记录，将最近南极气候变化观测的空间分辨率提高了一个数量级以上，为评估过去和现在的变化提供了基础，并为监测南半球未来的气候变化建立了一个框架。这发生在一个关键时刻，因为全球创纪录的变暖和其他影响在南大洋、南极半岛和南极冰盖被注意到。该项目的更广泛影响是，参与该项目的博士后和研究生将受益于气候变化研究的观察和建模方法，以及将在两个合作机构和其他著名气候变化机构举行的工作会议。结果是公众最感兴趣的，由这两个合作机构主办的媒体网站包含气候变化立场文件、关于当前气候变化问题的科学交流和科学贡献系列。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). This award supports a project to reconstruct the past physical and chemical climate of Antarctica, with an emphasis on the region surrounding the Ross Sea Embayment, using 60 ice cores collected in this region by US ITASE and by Australian, Brazilian, Chilean, and New Zealand ITASE teams. The ice core records are annually resolved and exceptionally well dated, and will provide, through the analyses of stable isotopes, major soluble ions and for some trace elements, instrumentally calibrated proxies for past temperature, precipitation, atmospheric circulation, chemistry of the atmosphere, sea ice extent, and volcanic activity. These records will be used to understand the role of solar, volcanic, and human forcing on Antarctic climate and to investigate the character of recent abrupt climate change over Antarctica in the context of broader Southern Hemisphere and global climate variability. The intellectual merit of the project is that ITASE has resulted in an array of ice core records, increasing the spatial resolution of observations of recent Antarctic climate variability by more than an order of magnitude and provides the basis for assessment of past and current change and establishes a framework for monitoring of future climate change in the Southern Hemisphere. This comes at a critical time as global record warming and other impacts are noted in the Southern Ocean, the Antarctic Peninsula, and on the Antarctic ice sheet. The broader impacts of the project are that Post-doctoral and graduate students involved in the project will benefit from exposure to observational and modeling approaches to climate change research and working meetings to be held at the two collaborating institutions plus other prominent climate change institutions. The results are of prime interest to the public and the media Websites hosted by the two collaborating institutions contain climate change position papers, scientific exchanges concerning current climate change issues, and scientific contribution series.