VOSS: Leveraging Development Expertise Across Cyberinfrastructures

VOSS：利用跨网络基础设施的开发专业知识

• 批准号: 0838601
• 负责人: Charlotte Lee
• 金额: $ 12.57万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-15 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0838601&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: VOSS; Leveraging; Development; Expertise; Across

Distributed collaborative science requires new and powerful technologies to support communication, data sharing and aggregation, access to remote instruments, and large-scale data analysis. The infrastructure necessary to support this kind of science is called cyberinfrastructure. There has been increasing recognition of the importance of the human infrastructure to cyberinfrastructure, the arrangements of organizations and actors that must be brought into alignment in order for work to be accomplished. Infrastructures are complex systems that present challenges that cannot be addressed by either technological or social development alone. A sociotechnical systems approach is necessary to understand how to create long-term, sustainable cyberinfrastructures in order to advance scientific knowledge and practice. This project will address these challenges by undertaking a comparative ethnographic study of two large cyberinfrastructure building and research and learning organizations. Each of these organizations hosts and participates in multiple cyberinfrastructure projects of varying size and complexity. Qualitative research methods will include participant-observation and semi-structured interviews to understand how work practices change and develop over time. The proposed research will: 1) describe how human and technical resources are synergistically re-used across cyberinfrastructure projects, groups, personal networks, and organizations; 2) describe how reuse is encouraged or discouraged by particular social or technical arrangements; 3) describe and analyze how these organizations manage their identities, structures, and boundaries to support organizational learning and innovation; and 4) develop new conceptual models that frame the relationships among organizational-level structures, interpersonal networks, and the production of cyberinfrastructure. Empirically this project will provide an understanding of how cyberinfrastructure centers are approaching the challenges of designing for the emergent, distributed, and long-term. Conceptually this project will develop a framework for understanding: 1) the incremental alignment and realignment of people, processes, and tools; and 2) how these alignments play out: within cyberinfrastructure building organizations, between cyberinfrastructure building organizations, and in collaborations between organizations (or organizational sub-groups), specific projects and their domain communities. In regards to broader impacts, by contributing to a more sophisticated understanding of cyberinfrastructure development, this research will stimulate and support the development of future cyberinfrastructure. Collaborations among institutions conducting work on social aspects of cyberinfrastructure will be established to more efficiently define common concerns. This project will provide opportunities to train a new generation of interdisciplinary researchers by involving undergraduate, graduate, and post-doctoral students. To make innovations more broadly useful, findings will be presented at multi- and interdisciplinary conferences and workshops and published in formats that will be useful to policy-makers.

分布式协作科学需要新的和强大的技术来支持通信、数据共享和聚合、远程仪器访问和大规模数据分析。支持这类科学所需的基础设施被称为网络基础设施。越来越多的人认识到人力基础设施对网络基础设施的重要性，认识到必须协调各组织和行为者的安排才能完成工作。基础设施是复杂的系统，提出了仅靠技术或社会发展无法解决的挑战。要了解如何建立长期、可持续的网络基础设施，以促进科学知识和实践，社会技术系统方法是必要的。该项目将通过对两个大型网络基础设施建设和研究与学习组织进行人种学比较研究来应对这些挑战。这些组织中的每个组织都主持和参与了多个不同规模和复杂程度的网络基础设施项目。定性研究方法将包括参与者观察法和半结构化访谈，以了解工作实践如何随着时间的推移而变化和发展。拟议的研究将：1)描述人力和技术资源如何在网络基础设施项目、团队、个人网络和组织之间协同重新使用；2)描述特定社会或技术安排如何鼓励或阻止重复使用；3)描述和分析这些组织如何管理其身份、结构和边界，以支持组织学习和创新；以及4)开发新的概念模型，框架组织级结构、人际网络和网络基础设施的生产之间的关系。从经验上讲，该项目将帮助您了解网络基础设施中心如何应对针对紧急、分布式和长期需求而设计的挑战。从概念上讲，该项目将开发一个框架，用于理解：1)人员、流程和工具的增量调整和重新调整；以及2)这些调整如何发挥作用：在网络基础设施建设组织内部、网络基础设施建设组织之间以及组织(或组织子组)、特定项目及其领域社区之间的协作中。关于更广泛的影响，这项研究有助于更深入地了解网络基础设施的发展，将刺激和支持未来网络基础设施的发展。将建立在网络基础设施的社会方面开展工作的机构之间的合作，以更有效地确定共同关切的问题。该项目将为培养新一代跨学科研究人员提供机会，让本科生、研究生和博士后参与进来。为了使创新更广泛地发挥作用，将在多学科和跨学科的会议和讲习班上介绍研究结果，并以对政策制定者有用的格式发表。