CAREER: Interacting with Cyberinfrastructure in the Face of Changing Science

职业：面对不断变化的科学，与网络基础设施互动

• 批准号: 0954088
• 负责人: Charlotte Lee
• 金额: $ 54.56万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0954088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Interacting; Cyberinfrastructure; Face; Changing

This research will develop a framework to understand the set of sociotechnical relationships that comprise cyberinfrastructure (CI). Cyberinfrastructures are distributed organizations supported by such technologies as supercomputers and high-speed networks. Scientific cyberinfrastructures, or eScience projects, are multiplying rapidly because they can be brought to bear on some of the world's most important problems in energy, the environment, health, and security. The technical challenges of cyberinfrastructure are already so demanding that projects often have little time to engage reflexively on how cyberinfrastructures are used and created in the current state of rapid scientific change in which the necessity of data sharing and multidisciplinary approaches is putting pressure on disciplinary boundaries. While the ability to pool data can enable scientists to answer questions that no single investigator or laboratory could answer individually, large-scale databases also bear the significant burden of supporting scientific sub-domains with different priorities and requirements. This project will use ethnographic methods, including participant-observation and semi-structured interviews, to investigate: How scientists and engineers decide which cyberinfrastructure resources (e.g. databases and tools) to use and under what circumstances; Under what circumstances do scientists and engineers decide to create their own resources; How are scientists and engineers mixing disciplinary practices within their own laboratories; When do scientists and engineers adopt hybrid identities (e.g. computational biologists and bioinformaticists). This project will make empirical and conceptual contributions to research in areas such as computer supported cooperative work, science and technology studies, and the study of CI. It will provide a corpus of material describing how local concerns shape the use of CIs and the development and use of alternative local resources. By contributing to a more sophisticated understanding of how eScience is dependent on both technical and social transformation, this research will stimulate and support the development of future eScience research. This project will benefit cyberinfrastructure users and developers, funding bodies and policy makers, by creating a typology of change related to scientific practice, training, and technological change. The education components will give students hands-on involvement in research including developing research instruments, collecting and analyzing data, and writing papers. Diverse students from undergraduate to postdoctoral level, including women and minorities, will emerge with practical skills as well as exposure to theoretical issues related to collaboration and eScience.

这项研究将开发一个框架来理解构成网络基础设施（CI）的一组社会技术关系。 网络基础设施是由超级计算机和高速网络等技术支持的分布式组织。 科学网络基础设施或电子科学项目正在迅速增加，因为它们可以解决世界上能源、环境、健康和安全等一些最重要的问题。网络基础设施的技术挑战已经如此严峻，以至于项目常常没有时间反思如何在当前科学快速变革的状态下使用和创建网络基础设施，其中数据共享和多学科方法的必要性给学科边界带来了压力。虽然汇集数据的能力可以使科学家能够回答单个研究者或实验室无法单独回答的问题，但大型数据库也承担着支持具有不同优先级和要求的科学子领域的重大负担。该项目将使用人种学方法，包括参与者观察和半结构化访谈来调查：科学家和工程师如何决定使用哪些网络基础设施资源（例如数据库和工具）以及在什么情况下使用；在什么情况下科学家和工程师决定创建自己的资源？科学家和工程师如何在自己的实验室内混合学科实践；科学家和工程师何时采用混合身份（例如计算生物学家和生物信息学家）。该项目将为计算机支持的合作工作、科学技术研究以及 CI 研究等领域的研究做出实证和概念上的贡献。它将提供一个材料库，描述当地问题如何影响 CI 的使用以及替代当地资源的开发和使用。通过帮助人们更深入地理解电子科学如何依赖于技术和社会变革，这项研究将刺激和支持未来电子科学研究的发展。该项目将通过创建与科学实践、培训和技术变革相关的变革类型，使网络基础设施用户和开发商、资助机构和政策制定者受益。 教育部分将使学生亲身参与研究，包括开发研究工具、收集和分析数据以及撰写论文。从本科生到博士后水平的不同学生，包括女性和少数族裔，将获得实践技能以及接触与协作和电子科学相关的理论问题。