The Sea Ice System in Antarctic Summer, Oden Southern Ocean Expedition (OSO 2010-11)

南极海冰季节性融化和再形成周期的若干方面似乎与北极的情况不同。最清楚地表明这一点的是北极海冰的范围急剧缩小和变薄，与之形成对比的是南极海冰范围的变化，最近（十年来）南极海冰的范围略有增加。目前的气候模型不能解决这种差异，这可能是由于缺乏南极海冰的相关观测数据，沿着气候模型中海冰特性的物理参数化不足。研究人员将利用I/B奥登号在经过南极海冰区贝林斯高晋地区期间的巡航轨迹，阿蒙森和罗斯（酒吧）海上巡航麦默多站。由于其偏远和交通不便，BAR地区是相当大的科学兴趣，作为最后一个被描述，也许是未开发的海洋生态系统留在地球上，一系列的站上和正在进行的观测海冰属性将进行，主题联系到更广泛的问题，夏季冰生存和基线物理特性（如热通量和盐通量的估计）。 将对海冰覆盖范围、厚度和积雪深度的现场时空变化进行观测。

Several aspect of the seasonal melting and reformation cycle of Antarctic sea ice appear to be divergent from those occurring in the Arctic. This is most clearly demonstrated by the dramatic diminishing extent and thinning of the Arctic sea ice, to be contrasted to the changes in Antarctic sea-ice extent, which recently (decadaly) shows small increases. Current climate models do not resolve this discrepancy which likely results from both a lack of relevant observational sea-ice data in the Antarctic, along with inadequacies in the physical parameterization of sea-ice properties in climate models.Researchers will take advantage of the cruise track of the I/B Oden during transit through the Antarctic sea-ice zones in the region of the Bellingshausen, Amundsen and Ross (BAR) seas on a cruise to McMurdo Station. Because of its remoteness and inaccessibility, the BAR region is of considerable scientific interest as being one of the last under described and perhaps unexploited marine ecosystems left on the planet .A series of on station and underway observations of sea ice properties will be undertaken, thematically linked to broader questions of summer ice survival and baseline physical properties (e.g. estimates of heat and salt fluxes). In situ spatiotemporal variability of sea-ice cover extent, thickness and snow cover depths will be observed.