The Sea Ice System in Antarctic Summer, Oden Southern Ocean Expedition (OSO 2010-11)

南极海冰的季节性融化和改造周期的几个方面似乎与北极发生的不同。北极海冰的急剧减少和变薄最清楚地表明了这一点，这与南极海冰面积的变化形成了鲜明对比，南极海冰面积最近(十年一次)显示出小幅增加。目前的气候模式无法解决这一差异，这可能是因为南极缺乏相关的观测海冰数据，以及气候模式中海冰属性的物理参数化不足。研究人员将在前往麦克默多站的邮轮上利用I/B Oden号在穿越别林豪森、阿蒙森和罗斯(BAR)海区域的南极海冰带期间的巡航轨迹。由于地处偏远和交通不便，沙洲地区是地球上最后几个未被描述和可能未开发的海洋生态系统之一，具有相当大的科学价值。将对海冰特性进行一系列现场和正在进行的观测，主题与夏季冰存活和基线物理特性(例如，热量和盐通量的估计)等更广泛的问题相联系。将观测海冰覆盖范围、厚度和积雪深度的现场时空变异性。

Several aspect of the seasonal melting and reformation cycle of Antarctic sea ice appear to be divergent from those occurring in the Arctic. This is most clearly demonstrated by the dramatic diminishing extent and thinning of the Arctic sea ice, to be contrasted to the changes in Antarctic sea-ice extent, which recently (decadaly) shows small increases. Current climate models do not resolve this discrepancy which likely results from both a lack of relevant observational sea-ice data in the Antarctic, along with inadequacies in the physical parameterization of sea-ice properties in climate models.Researchers will take advantage of the cruise track of the I/B Oden during transit through the Antarctic sea-ice zones in the region of the Bellingshausen, Amundsen and Ross (BAR) seas on a cruise to McMurdo Station. Because of its remoteness and inaccessibility, the BAR region is of considerable scientific interest as being one of the last under described and perhaps unexploited marine ecosystems left on the planet .A series of on station and underway observations of sea ice properties will be undertaken, thematically linked to broader questions of summer ice survival and baseline physical properties (e.g. estimates of heat and salt fluxes). In situ spatiotemporal variability of sea-ice cover extent, thickness and snow cover depths will be observed.