SGER: Anatomy of the 2008 Iowa Flood: Exploring the Interplay Between Successive Storms and Basin Drainage Topology

SGER：2008 年爱荷华州洪水剖析：探索连续风暴与盆地排水拓扑之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 0844101
• 负责人: Witold Krajewski
• 金额: $ 5.25万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-10-01 至 2009-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0844101&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Anatomy; 2008; Iowa; Flood

Preliminary analysis of the storms preceding the recent Eastern Iowa floods have revealed that there was no single, extreme storm that was responsible for the flood conditions. Instead, the effect of a sequence of storms compounded, affecting locations along the larger rivers in the basin. We propose to investigate: (1) the link between the characteristics of the storms (or group of storms) that caused the floods along the Iowa River; (2) how storm properties are related to flooding as a function of basin scale, following insights from a new geophysical theory of floods; and (3) whether the methodologies developed here can be extended to other large basins using the Hydro?]NEXRAD radar?]rainfall dataset.The urgency of our proposal lies in the pressing need to understand the causes and far?]reaching effects of the 2008 Iowa flood. Undoubtedly, local authorities and communities will be looking to our research facility, IIHR?]Hydroscience and Engineering at The University of Iowa, to analyze the flooding events and offer guidance in adopting measures to prevent or mitigate the effect of future floods. While this proposal addresses a very recent, ongoing natural disaster, it is grounded in our collective, sustained work on the geophysical theory of floods.Intellectual Merit: Over the past 20 years, scientists at the University of Colorado, The University of Iowa, and other institutions have collaborated on a new theory of floods. Recent advances in this theory have revealed the important role played by the self?]similar structure of the river network in determining the magnitude of peak flows. In particular, flow aggregation patterns imposed by the presence of the river network provide explicit guidelines to understand the genesis of extreme flooding events similar to the ones in Eastern Iowa in June 2008. This framework allows rapid and physically meaningful analysis of flood events across a range of spatial scales, without the need to resort to rainfall?]runoff model calibration.Broader Impacts: This work could potentially change the concept of Probable Maximum Precipitation and Probable Maximum Flood and their use in engineering design. The analysis will also offer significant insight into our globally changing climate.

对最近爱荷华州东部洪水之前的风暴进行的初步分析显示，没有一场单一的极端风暴造成洪水。相反，一系列风暴的影响加剧，影响了盆地中沿着较大河流的位置。我们建议调查：（1）导致爱荷华州河沿着洪水的风暴（或风暴群）特征之间的联系;（2）根据新的洪水地球物理理论的见解，风暴特性如何与作为流域尺度函数的洪水相关;（3）这里开发的方法是否可以使用Hydro？NEXRAD雷达？]降雨数据集。我们的建议的紧迫性在于迫切需要了解的原因和远？] 2008年爱荷华州洪水的影响。毫无疑问，地方当局和社区将期待我们的研究机构，IIHR？]爱荷华州大学的水文科学与工程专业，分析洪水事件，并为采取措施预防或减轻未来洪水的影响提供指导。虽然这一提议针对的是最近发生的一场持续的自然灾害，但它是基于我们在洪水地球物理理论方面的集体、持续工作。学术成就：在过去的20年里，科罗拉多大学、爱荷华州大学和其他机构的科学家们合作研究了一种新的洪水理论。这一理论的最新进展揭示了自我所扮演的重要角色。在确定洪峰流量大小时，河流网络的类似结构。特别是，流量聚合模式所施加的河流网络的存在提供了明确的指导方针，以了解极端洪水事件的成因类似于在东部爱荷华州在2008年6月。该框架允许在一系列空间尺度上对洪水事件进行快速和有实际意义的分析，而不需要诉诸降雨？]更广泛的影响：这项工作可能会改变可能最大降水和可能最大洪水的概念及其在工程设计中的使用。该分析还将为我们的全球气候变化提供重要见解。