Enhancing Hydro-NEXRAD: Community Resource for Use of Radar-Rainfall Data

增强 Hydro-NEXRAD：使用雷达降雨数据的社区资源

• 批准号: 0839576
• 负责人: Witold Krajewski
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-15 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0839576&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Enhancing; Hydro; NEXRAD; Community; Resource

Ready access to reliable spatial and temporal data on rainfall amounts is essential to studies of the terrestrial water cycle and, more generally for studies of biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial environments. The Hydro-NEXRAD system has included multiple users in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) LTER study site, with a special focus on analyses of ?hot spot ? hot moment? biogeochemical cycling associated with wetting and drying episodes. System upgrades and expansions of the data sets will increase the user base to include scientists involved in terrestrial biogeochemical cycle research in diverse settings across the US. People who research or teach in fields related to biogeochemical cycling come from many disciplines, and few are familiar with the cutting-edge technology now used to measure rainfall and its strengths and limitations. This project would provide them a usable tool tested in actual research projects that are relevant to their research and educational interests.Researchers in many disciplines who need rainfall data would acquire an innovative software product that would enhance rapid access to more precise and reliable information to support scientific discovery. A tested and refined product would be passed on to a cyber-infrastructure team for continuing user support after the project concludes. The transformation in obtaining reliable precipitation data would transform the water balance studies that are foundational for a wide range of research. Especially important is the capability for rainfall analysis over a broad range of time and space scales and organized by drainage basins.Intellectual merit. Hydro-NEXRAD is innovative over-the-Internet technology for organizing and accessing data from the national network of weather radars thus enabling increased use of the data in hydrologic research and education. This technology allows rapid producing of customized drainage basin-centric rainfall maps by merging data from multiple radars and rain gauges. This proposal is to test system performance against what researchers need to support work on flood hydrology, water quality modeling, eco-hydrological analyses of water and biogeochemical cycles, water transport in river networks, evaluation and calibration of distributed hydrologic models, etc. Important issues are accuracy limits, validation methodologies, estimation uncertainties, and how these vary with climate, topography, etc. Additional issues arise in working in real time and exploiting the ?super-resolution? upgrade of the NEXRAD system in 2008. Other user needs surface in using the products to support course work. The goal is to close this gap between ?rainfall products? and ?user needs? by working with both data providers (principally NOAA and UCAR?s Unidata) and with users.Broader impacts. The product would serve research and teaching in hydrologic science and provide a prototype for future radar-rainfall data systems for general research use and for water resources management in the public and private sectors. The Hydro-NEXRAD system has developed a strong user base, as documented in part through supporting letters from users, but efforts should be made to expand the user base to include a broad spectrum of applications in hydrology, agriculture, engineering design, ecology, forestry and urban planning The PIs will promote their product through conventional publications documenting system capabilities and performance tests, but these publications should be directed at applications groups that are underrepresented in the current set of users. The PIs will also utilize ?outreach? capabilities to potential user groups, especially through community-based organizations like CUAHSI. The Hydro-NEXRAD system has also developed an active group of users for educational activities. The educational impact of the system will be expanded by promoting tools that have been developed by users through the CUAHSI outreach activities. Additional support will make rainfall mapping more accessible to non-experts and for operational purposes by a wide range of governmental and private users.

随时获得关于降雨量的可靠时空数据，对于研究陆地水循环，更一般地说，对于研究陆地环境中的生物地球化学循环至关重要。Hydro-NEXRAD系统包括巴尔的摩生态系统研究（BES） LTER研究站点的多个用户，特别侧重于分析？热点？热吗?与干湿期有关的生物地球化学循环。系统升级和数据集的扩展将增加用户基础，包括在美国不同环境中从事陆地生物地球化学循环研究的科学家。在生物地球化学循环相关领域从事研究或教学的人来自许多学科，很少有人熟悉目前用于测量降雨的尖端技术及其优势和局限性。这个项目将为他们提供一个可用的工具，在与他们的研究和教育兴趣相关的实际研究项目中进行测试。需要降雨数据的许多学科的研究人员将获得一种创新的软件产品，该软件产品将增强对更精确和可靠信息的快速访问，以支持科学发现。经过测试和改进的产品将在项目结束后传递给网络基础设施团队，以继续为用户提供支持。获得可靠降水数据的转变将改变水平衡研究，这是广泛研究的基础。特别重要的是在大范围的时间和空间尺度上分析降雨并按流域组织的能力。知识价值。Hydro-NEXRAD是一种创新的互联网技术，用于组织和访问来自国家气象雷达网络的数据，从而增加了水文研究和教育中数据的使用。该技术通过合并来自多个雷达和雨量计的数据，可以快速生成以流域为中心的定制降雨地图。该提案旨在测试系统性能，以支持研究人员在洪水水文学、水质建模、水和生物地球化学循环的生态水文分析、河网水运、分布式水文模型的评估和校准等方面的工作。重要的问题是精度限制，验证方法，估计不确定性，以及这些如何随气候，地形等变化。在实时工作和利用“超分辨率”时，还会出现其他问题。2008年对NEXRAD系统进行升级。其他用户在使用产品支持课程作业方面的需求。我们的目标是缩小这一差距。降雨产品吗?然后呢?用户需要吗?通过与两个数据提供者（主要是NOAA和UCAR）合作？与用户合作。更广泛的影响。该产品将为水文科学的研究和教学服务，并为今后的雷达降雨数据系统提供一个原型，供一般研究使用和供公共和私营部门的水资源管理使用。Hydro-NEXRAD系统已经建立了一个强大的用户基础，部分是通过用户的支持信记录的，但应努力扩大用户基础，使其包括水文学、农业、工程设计、生态学、林业和城市规划等广泛的应用。但是这些出版物应该针对当前用户中代表性不足的应用程序组。私人机构也将利用外联服务。向潜在用户群体提供的能力，特别是通过像CUAHSI这样的基于社区的组织。Hydro-NEXRAD系统还为教育活动培养了一批活跃的用户。该系统的教育影响将通过推广用户通过该协会的外联活动开发的工具来扩大。额外的支持将使非专家更容易获得降雨制图，并使广泛的政府和私人用户更容易用于业务目的。