CAREER: Dynamics and Statistical Mechanics of Multicomponent Quantum Fluids

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。该职业奖支持综合研究和教育计划，强调超冷原子气体的磁性和自旋性质的理论研究。 尽管旋量凝聚可能是碱玻色凝聚最新颖的方面，但近年来，由于凝聚态物理学的序参量和对称性破缺语言与原子物理学的实验工具之间的差距，旋量凝聚领域一直受到阻碍。本文提出的方法将通过发展与实验相协调的理论来弥合这一差距，同时推进我们对这些迷人系统的理解，同时为未来的发展提供关键的见解玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚现象有效地将单粒子量子效应放大到热力学水平。 空间分离的宏观凝聚体的自发相干性，当两个云重叠时导致干涉条纹，是这种类型行为的一个例子。 如果我们考虑的不是空间上分离的气体，而是处于不同自旋状态的原子，那么类似的效应可以被视为自发磁序。 气体的最终状态是由自旋相关的粒子间相互作用的细节来选择的，从而产生了一个新的磁序的相图，随着自旋的增加而变得越来越复杂。 最近的实验已经证明了这种自发对称性破缺在超冷气体的磁有序，以及磁偶极子相互作用对所产生的状态的影响。 该奖项的教育部分将使本科物理专业的学生接触到超冷气体这一当今物理学最令人兴奋的领域之一。 物理学的这个分支的教育潜力是巨大的，既因为超冷原子领域的兴奋，也因为它提供了一种理解现代物理学中许多先进概念的方法。 将编写一本关于超冷系统中集体现象的新教科书，并将在弗吉尼亚大学开设一门关于这一主题的新课程。为研究超冷系统中的集体现象提供了一个非常需要的介绍。这门课程将建立在大学的基础上？的优势，原子物理学，振兴多体物理学的教学。该职业奖支持一个综合的理论研究和教育计划，以研究玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚和磁性在被激光束捕获的原子中的相互作用，并在绝对温度范围内冷却到百万分之一度。 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的超冷原子协同行动，表现得就像它们融合成了一个超原子。这种超原子状态使实验学家能够探索通常发生在最小长度尺度上的量子力学效应，例如单个原子的量子力学效应。私家侦探？他的研究集中在原子的磁性和在超原子状态下可能出现的磁性。 对这些效应的研究可能会影响我们对材料磁性的理解。它可能会导致发现新的现象和新的物质状态，其中一些也可能发生在材料中。这些表现出量子力学行为的新物质状态可能有助于开发新的计算范式，并可能导致基于操纵量子力学状态的新设备技术。该奖项的教育部分将使本科物理专业的学生接触超冷气体，这是当今物理学最令人兴奋的领域之一。物理学的这个分支的教育潜力是巨大的，既因为超冷原子领域的兴奋，也因为它提供了一种理解现代物理学中许多先进概念的方法。将编写一本关于超冷系统中集体现象的新教科书，并将在弗吉尼亚大学开设一门关于这一主题的新课程。为研究超冷系统中的集体现象提供了一个非常需要的介绍。该课程将建立在大学的原子物理学的优势，并振兴如何许多相互作用的粒子，如材料中的原子和电子系统的物理学，是教。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis CAREER award supports an integrated research and education program that emphasizes the theoretical study of the magnetic and spin properties of ultracold atomic gases. Despite being perhaps the most novel aspect of the alkali Bose condensates, the field of spinor condensates has been stymied in recent years by the gap between the condensed matter physics language of order parameters and symmetry breaking, and the experimental tools of atomic physics. The approach proposed here will bridge that gap by developing the theory in harmony with experiment, simultaneously advancing our understanding of these fascinating systems while providing crucial insight into future developmentsThe phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation effectively amplifies one-particle quantum effects to the thermodynamic level. The spontaneous coherence of spatially separated macroscopic condensates, which leads to interference fringes when the two clouds overlap, is one example of this type behavior. If instead of spatially separate gases, we consider atoms in different spin states then the analogous effect can be viewed as spontaneous magnetic order. The final state of the gas is selected by the details of the spin-dependent interparticle interactions, resulting in a phase diagram of novel magnetic orders that grows in complexity with increasing spin. Recent experiments have demonstrated this spontaneous symmetry breaking in the magnetic ordering of ultracold gases, as well as the effect of the magnetic dipole interactions on the resulting states. .The educational component of this award will expose undergraduate physics majors to the subject of ultracold gases, one of the most exciting areas of physics today. The educational potential of this branch of physics is enormous, both because of the excitement surrounding the field of ultracold atoms and because it offers an accessible way of understanding many advanced concepts in modern physics. A new textbook will be written on collective phenomena in ultracold systems, and a new course will be developed on this topic at the University of Virginia., providing a much needed introduction to the study of collective phenomena in ultracold systems. The course will build on the university?s strengths in atomic physics, and revitalize the teaching of many-body physics. NONTECHNICAL SUMMARY This CAREER award supports an integrated theoretical research and education program to study the interplay of Bose-Einstein condensation and magnetism in atoms trapped by beams of laser light and cooled down to temperatures of millionths of a degree on the absolute scale of temperature. Ultracold atoms in a Bose-einstein condensate act in concert and behave like they have melded into a superatom. This superatom state enables experimentalists to explore quantum mechanical effects that ordinarily occur on the tiniest length scales, e.g. those of a single atom, on easily accessible length scales. The PI?s research focuses on the magnetic properties of atoms and the kinds of magnetism that can appear in the superatom state. The study of these effects may have impact on our understanding of magnetism in materials. It will likely lead to the discovery of new phenomena and new states of matter, some of which may occur in materials as well. These new states of matter exhibiting quantum mechanical behavior may be useful in developing a new paradigm for computing and may lead to new device technologies based on manipulating quantum mechanical states. The educational component of this award will expose undergraduate physics majors to the subject of ultracold gases, one of the most exciting areas of physics today. The educational potential of this branch of physics is enormous, both because of the excitement surrounding the field of ultracold atoms and because it offers an accessible way of understanding many advanced concepts in modern physics. A new textbook will be written on collective phenomena in ultracold systems, and a new course will be developed on this topic at the University of Virginia., providing a much needed introduction to the study of collective phenomena in ultracold systems. The course will build on the university's strengths in atomic physics, and revitalize how the physics of systems of many interacting particles, like atoms and electrons in materials, are taught.