Collaborative Research: Reactions and Fate of Amines in the Atmosphere Emitted from Animal Feeding Operations

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助的。胺是从多种来源排放到大气中的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)，包括动物饲养作业(AFO)的强烈排放。在大气中，胺是气溶胶的前体，但大规模粮食生产中释放的胺的命运尚未得到定量研究，以确定它们在大气气体和气溶胶化学中的重要性。该项目将采取实验室/实地综合办法，以确定和量化胺的影响及其在气溶胶形成反应中的作用。在第一年中，将完成分析胺衍生物的方法学的开发，并将开始对胺与大气氧化剂的反应速率进行环境室内研究。研究计划的第二年将继续室内研究，目标是确定产品气雾剂中存在的浓缩相物种。同样在第二年，犹他州和加利福尼亚州受AFO影响的空气棚将对周围的气溶胶和气体进行采样，并将确定胺及其衍生化合物的分子形态。该项目有几个更广泛的影响，包括教育和培训犹他州州立大学(USU)的两名研究生和加州大学河滨分校(UCR)的一名研究生，以执行胺反应的烟雾室内研究。USU和UCR的本科生助理将协助气溶胶的化学分析和相关数据分析。该项目还支持克莱蒙特·麦肯纳学院(CMC)的一名化学教授和两名CMC本科生休一年假，以帮助USU在第一年开发分析方法，并在第二年在犹他州和加利福尼亚州进行环境采样工作。除了人员支持外，对胺的气溶胶形成反应的研究还提供了关于氮的生物地球化学循环的大气成分的新信息。了解胺的基本大气化学对于量化与大规模食品生产相关的空气污染物的去向至关重要。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Amines are volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted to the atmosphere from a number of sources including intense emissions from animal feeding operations (AFOs). In the atmosphere, amines act as precursors for aerosols, but the fates of amines released incident to large-scale food production have not been studied in a quantitative manner to determine their importance in atmospheric gas and aerosol chemistry. This project will take an integrated laboratory/field approach to identify and quantify the impact of amines and the role they play in aerosol formation reactions. During the first year, development of methodology for analyzing amine-derivatives will be accomplished and environmental chamber studies of reaction rates of amines with atmospheric oxidants will begin. Year two of the research plan will continue chamber studies with a goal of identifying condensed-phase species that are present in the product aerosols. Also in year two, ambient aerosols and gases will be sampled in AFO-impacted air sheds in Utah and California, and the molecular speciation of amine and amine-derivative compounds will be determined.The project has several broader impacts, including the education and training of two graduate students at Utah State University (USU) and one at the University of California, Riverside (UCR), to perform smog chamber studies of amine reactions. Undergraduate assistants at USU and UCR will assist with chemical analysis of aerosols and associated data analysis. The project also supports a sabbatical for a professor of chemistry at Claremont McKenna College (CMC) and two CMC undergraduate students to assist at USU with the analytical methodology development during year one and with ambient sampling work in Utah and California in year two. In addition to personnel support, the studies of aerosol formation reactions from amines yield new information on the atmospheric component of the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen. Understanding the fundamental atmospheric chemistry of amines is critical for quantification of the fate of air pollutants associated with large-scale food production.