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"The making of indigeneity" - Santali popular VCD-films and the mediation of culture beyond a region

“本土性的形成”——桑塔利流行的VCD电影和跨地区文化的调解

基本信息

批准号：
191445706
负责人：
Professor Dr. Karl-Heinz Kohl
金额：
--
依托单位：
Frobenius-Institut
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/191445706?language=en
关键词：
making indigeneity Santali popular VCD

项目摘要

Popular Santali-VCD-films target the "indigenous" population of rural areas of Odisha, West-Bengal and Jharkand in India, and do reach audiences at places far beyond, for example in Assam or Bangladesch. So far an estimate of 250 video clip compilations and 150 popular films have been produced by newly emerging small-scale film- and video production companies. The recent enfolding of this media circulation is connected to the formation of countless further VCD circulations of popular films in regional and "indigenous" languages during the past decade. This research project investigates articulations of a belonging to the "indigenous" group of the Santal on the basis of Santali-films, and inquires the position of everyday culture within these processes. The study includes a total twenty month multi-sited field research based on the method of "participant observation" together with film viewers, and also film producers, in differing settings in Assam, Odisha, Kolkata and Bangladesh, which aims to identify and describe cultural practices as a part of identity building.The empirical data collected confirmed that everyday practices of articulating a belonging within the Santal community are of high importance within the media-based identity building of this group, and it has been shown that these practices do also differ strongly within respective settings. These various ways of articulating a sense of belonging have been described, whereby it could be stressed that specific "regional" ways of articulating a belonging (also of further communities) have often become part of Santal's identity building. Furthermore, the circulation of VCDs itself can be seen to be significantly shaped by the cultural practice of film production, and, at the same time, everyday practices of film viewers are part of the ongoing formation of media infrastructure. Therefore, a further field study intends to investigate production contexts of the new start-up film- and video production companies in order to reveal socio-cultural impacts on media circulation there, like cultural negotiation patterns, but also professional and/or artistic self-identification claims. Providing empirical data facing the interplay of various contexts and simultaneously on fragmentations as a significant part of the media-based identity building of an "indigenous" group, the research will critically contribute to a recent debate on proclaiming "indigeneity" as an affirmative category in South Asia, and in this respect will develop a concept which recognizes distinctions and contradicting interests within an "indigenous" community. Besides, it is aimed at providing empirical data focussing on cultural aspects of the formation of media infrastructures in South Asia.

受欢迎的圣诞老人VCD电影以印度奥里萨邦、西孟加拉邦和贾坎德邦农村地区的“土著”人口为目标，在阿萨姆邦或孟加拉国等更远的地方也有观众。到目前为止，估计新兴的小型电影和录像制作公司制作了250部录像剪辑和150部流行电影。最近这种媒体传播的扩大与过去十年中以区域和“土著”语言制作的无数流行电影的VCD发行有关。本研究以桑塔利电影为基础，探讨桑塔利人“原住民”族群的表达方式，并探讨日常文化在这些过程中的地位。这项研究包括一项为期20个月的多地点实地研究，该研究基于“参与观察”的方法，与电影观众和电影制片人一起，在阿萨姆邦、奥里萨邦、加尔各答和孟加拉国的不同环境中，旨在识别和描述作为身份建设的一部分的文化习俗。收集的经验数据证实，在桑塔尔社区内表达归属感的日常做法具有很高的这一群体在基于媒体的身份建设中的重要性，已经表明，这些做法在各自的环境中也有很大的不同。这些表达归属感的各种方式已经被描述，由此可以强调，表达归属感的特定“区域”方式（也包括其他社区的归属感）往往成为Santal身份建设的一部分。此外，可以看出，VCD的发行本身在很大程度上受到电影制作的文化实践的影响，同时，电影观众的日常实践也是媒体基础设施不断形成的一部分。因此，进一步的实地研究打算调查新启动的电影和视频制作公司的生产环境，以揭示社会文化对媒体流通的影响，如文化谈判模式，但也专业和/或艺术自我认同的要求。这项研究提供了面对各种背景相互作用的经验数据，同时也提供了关于分裂作为“土著”群体基于媒体的身份建设的一个重要部分的经验数据，将对最近关于宣布“土著人”为南亚的一个肯定类别的辩论作出重要贡献，并将在这方面发展一个概念，承认“土著”社区内的区别和相互矛盾的利益。此外，它的目的是提供经验数据，侧重于在南亚媒体基础设施的形成的文化方面。