The Sensory Basis for Ecological Paradigms on Wave-Swept Shores

波浪海岸生态范式的感官基础

• 批准号: 0852361
• 负责人: Richard Zimmer
• 金额: $ 38.19万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0852361&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sensory; Basis; Ecological; Paradigms; Wave

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."A marine ecosystem, circumscribed by oceanographic processes, reflects the composite attributes of its inhabitants. System-level processes, such as primary productivity, disease dynamics, and stability in the face of natural and human-induced climate forcing, have profound global significance. These properties are highly dependent on networks of interactions among individuals both within and between species. Relying on sensory information to shape decisions, organisms exploit beneficial and avoid detrimental interactions. Stimulus-response dynamics can influence every level of organization, from demes to ecosystems.The chemistry (smell and taste) of food is a basic property determining eating preferences, and hence, functional-response relationships between predators and prey, irrespective of habitat. Remarkably, there has been no complete structural elucidation of any compound exploited by marine predators tracking live, intact prey. In this project, the investigators will study sensory basis for predator-prey interactions across multiple trophic levels, in a tractable field environment, and on a chemical cue for which isolation, purification, and identification can be attained using existing, chemical-analytical techniques. The investigators will determine the complete structures of molecules that trigger predation by keystone (seastars and whelks) on foundation (barnacles and mussels) species in the rocky intertidal. Whereas studies once asked if a given predator consumed a given prey, we now are uniquely poised to answer what, exact, prey compound triggers a predator and, thus, what are the sensory determinants for established, community-ecological paradigms? Research on sensory systems, in conjunction with behavioral and population studies, will establish linkages between stimulus space, behavior, and the demographic consequences of decision making processes.The broader impacts include public outreach through publication in high profile journals and popular press outlets. Training opportunities are planned for students at all levels with significant emphasis on under-represented groups in science through university programs in which the investigators are actively involved.

“该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。“海洋生态系统受海洋学过程的限制，反映了其居民的综合属性。系统层面的过程，如初级生产力、疾病动态以及在自然和人为气候强迫下的稳定性，具有深刻的全球意义。这些特性高度依赖于物种内部和物种之间个体之间的相互作用网络。依靠感官信息来塑造决策，生物体利用有益的相互作用，避免有害的相互作用。刺激-反应动力学可以影响从群落到生态系统的每一个层次的组织。食物的化学（气味和味道）是决定饮食偏好的基本属性，因此，捕食者和猎物之间的功能-反应关系，无论栖息地如何。值得注意的是，一直没有完整的结构阐明任何化合物利用海洋捕食者跟踪活的，完整的猎物。在这个项目中，研究人员将研究感官基础的捕食者-猎物的相互作用，在多个营养水平，在一个易于处理的领域环境中，并对化学线索，其中隔离，纯化和识别可以实现使用现有的，化学分析技术。 研究人员将确定触发捕食的基石（海星和海螺）在岩石潮间带的基础（藤壶和贻贝）物种的分子的完整结构。虽然研究曾经问如果一个给定的捕食者消耗一个给定的猎物，我们现在是唯一准备回答什么，确切的，猎物化合物触发捕食者，因此，什么是感官决定因素建立，社区生态范式？对感觉系统的研究，结合行为和人口研究，将建立刺激空间，行为和决策过程的人口后果之间的联系。更广泛的影响包括通过在高知名度期刊和大众媒体上发表文章进行公众宣传。培训机会计划为学生在所有级别的显着强调代表性不足的群体在科学通过大学课程，其中调查人员积极参与。