Bionanomaterial Uptake and Fate in Corbicula fluminea

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。“CBET-0853989维克斯兰，彼得弗吉尼亚理工学院和州立大学生物纳米材料的吸收和命运在河蚬类似于已经观察到的药物和个人护理产品，消费者使用和处置？生物纳米材料将不可避免地导致其排放到城市废水处理系统，并最终排放到水生生态系统。因此，更好地了解生物和环境系统中生物纳米材料的吸收和归宿至关重要。本提案的主要目的是确定生物纳米材料如何影响哨兵水生试验生物河蚬（Corbicula fluminea）的纳米材料吸收和归宿。 工作假设是，这种生物体对纳米材料的吸收主要受用于使颗粒功能化的生物载体类型的影响，并且在较小程度上取决于材料的大小和形状。这个假设是由这个项目通过使用三种不同类型的生物载体功能化的金纳米粒子进行测试：聚乙二醇，寡核苷酸和肽。测试这一假设的综合研究计划包括以下四项研究任务：（1）金生物纳米材料的生产和功能化，（2）河蚬中生物纳米材料摄取和储存的定量，（3）蛤血细胞生物纳米材料摄取的评价，以及（4）蛤血细胞生物纳米材料摄取的可视化。本研究的主要成果包括：1）第一次详细研究了双壳贝类对纳米材料的吸收和归宿，2）详细表征了颗粒大小、形状和表面功能化对蚬和从蚬血淋巴（血液）中提取的血细胞吸收的影响。 该项目将有助于更好地了解工程纳米材料在环境监测中经常使用的哨兵指示物种中的吸收、累积和分配情况。除了对纳米技术、环境健康和安全方面迫切的研究需求作出贡献外，该项目还将提供一个教育推广部分。弗吉尼亚理工大学环境生物纳米技术实验室研究团队的成员将与国家科学基金会赞助的EIGER综合研究生教育和研究培训（IGERT）计划在弗吉尼亚理工大学和西弗吉尼亚州公共教育联盟合作，建立一系列的课外-资助的实习，使中学教育工作者和学生的影子研究小组，并了解新的方法来观察发生在生物纳米现象环境接口。

ABSTRACT"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."CBET- 0853989Vikesland, PeterVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Bionanomaterial Uptake and Fate in Corbicula fluminea Similar to what has been observed with pharmaceuticals and personal care products, consumer use and disposal of ?bionanomaterials? will inevitably result in their discharge to municipal wastewater treatment systems and, ultimately, to aquatic ecosystems. Accordingly, an improved understanding of the uptake and fate of bionanomaterials in biological and environmental systems is critical. The principal objective of this proposal is to determine how bionanomaterial affect nanomaterial uptake and fate in a sentinel aquatic test organism, Corbicula fluminea. The working hypothesis is that nanomaterial uptake into this organism will primarily be affected by the type of biological carrier used to functionalize the particle and to a lesser extent will depend on the size and shape of the material. This hypothesis is to be tested by this project by using gold nanoparticles functionalized with three different types of biological carriers: polyethylene glycol, oligonucleotides, and peptides. A comprehensive research plan to test this hypothesis consists of the following set of four research tasks: (1) Production and functionalization of gold bionanomaterials, (2) Quantification of bionanomaterial uptake and storage in Corbicula fluminea, (3) Evaluation of bionanomaterial uptake by clam hemocytes, and (4) Visualization of bionanomaterial uptake by clam hemocytes. Tangible products of this research include: 1) The first detailed study examining nanomaterial uptake and fate in bivalves, and 2) Detailed characterization of the effects of particle size, shape, and surface functionalization on uptake by Corbicula and by hemocytes extracted from Corbicula hemolymph (blood). This project will lead to better understanding of the uptake, ccumulation, and partitioning of engineered nanomaterials in a sentinel indicator species often used in environmental monitoring. Beyond a contribution to pressing research needs in nanotechnology environmental health and safety, the project will offer an educational outreach component. Members of the Virginia Tech Environmental BioNanotechnology Laboratory research team will work in partnership with the National Science Foundation sponsored EIGER Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) Program at Virginia Tech and the Western Virginia Public Education Consortium to establish a series of extramurally-funded internships that enable middle school educators and students to shadow the research team and learn about new methods for observing nanoscale phenomena occurring at biological and environmental interfaces.