Superfluid Atomic Bosons, Fermions and Their Mixtures

超流体原子玻色子、费米子及其混合物

• 批准号: 0855606
• 负责人: Han Pu
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0855606&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Superfluid; Atomic; Bosons; Fermions; Their

This project combines research and educational activities in several areas of theoretical ultracold atomic physics, focusing on the superfluid properties of cold atoms. Superfluidity is a novel quantum phase of matter, usually occurs at very low temperatures, in which particles flow without friction. The same physics also underlines the mechanism of superconductors. Ultracold atoms offer an ideal platform to study this quantum phenomenon. Particles in nature, being fundamental or composite, can be categorized into two classes --- bosons or fermions --- depending on whether their spin is integer or half integer. Both kinds can become superfluid under proper conditions. However, the properties and formation mechanisms of bosonic and fermionic superfluids differ greatly. The goal of this project is to investigate the novel properties of bosonic and fermionic superfluids, as well as their mixtures, in the context of ultracold atoms. This research project is both of fundamental importance and of great relevance to current experiments in the field of cold atoms. They serve the purpose of providing theoretical guidance and support to cold atom experiments. The specific topics to be explored span a wide spectrum of fundamental problems in the field of cold atoms with close ties to solid state physics. These studies will shed new light on many outstanding problems in superconductors which are materials of technological significance. Students and postdoctoral fellows involved in this research will receive a solid training in theoretical cold atom physics which will be very valuable for their future career in science and engineering.

该项目结合了理论超冷原子物理学几个领域的研究和教育活动，重点是冷原子的超流体性质。 超流性是物质的一种新的量子相，通常发生在非常低的温度下，其中粒子无摩擦地流动。 同样的物理学也强调了超导体的机制。 超冷原子为研究这种量子现象提供了一个理想的平台。 自然界中的粒子，无论是基本粒子还是复合粒子，根据它们的自旋是整数还是半整数，可以分为玻色子和费米子两类。 在适当的条件下，这两种物质都可以变成超流体。 然而，玻色子和费米子超流体的性质和形成机制有很大的不同。 这个项目的目标是研究玻色子和费米子超流体的新特性，以及它们的混合物，在超冷原子的背景下。 这一研究项目对当前冷原子领域的实验既具有根本的重要性，又具有很大的相关性。 为冷原子实验提供理论指导和支持。 要探索的具体主题涵盖了冷原子领域的广泛基本问题，与固态物理学有着密切的联系。 这些研究将为超导体这一具有重要技术意义的材料中许多悬而未决的问题提供新的线索。 参与这项研究的学生和博士后将接受理论冷原子物理学的扎实培训，这对他们未来的科学和工程职业非常有价值。